Madhya Pradesh

Bhopal · Central

Chief Minister

BJP · in office since 2023

Legal Integrity1000 cases declared

Declared figures from the ECI election affidavit (2023), via MyNeta/ADR — as declared, not verified. Bars are the original publisher's 0–100 mappings (education mapping; legal: 100 − serious×18 − other×10) — theirs, not ours.

Accountability ratings — by the original publisher

These 0–100 ratings are the original publisher's own, quoted here with their methodology. Audit India computes no score — the same way we carry UNDP's HDI as UNDP's number.

Officials' Legal Integrity

93/ 100

the original publisher

How the original publisher computed this ▸

10 unique officials counted (Governor excluded). CM Mohan Yadav: 1 case/0 serious → 90; Speaker Narendra Singh Tomar: 0 → 100; Jagdish Devda: 0 → 100; Rajendra Shukla: 0 → 100; Tulsi Silawat: 1 case/0 serious → 90; Uday Pratap Singh: 0 → 100; Vishwas Sarang: 0 → 100; Nirmala Bhuria: 0 → 100; Kailash Vijayvargiya: 2 cases/2 serious → 64; Prahlad Patel: 1 case/0 serious → 90. Average: (90+100+100+100+90+100+100+100+64+90) ÷ 10 = 934 ÷ 10 = 93.4, rounded to 93. The cabinet's integrity profile is better than its governance record would suggest — the structural failures in MP (rape rate, Vyapam, IMR) reflect systemic dysfunction rather than personal criminal backgrounds of current ministers.

Indicators

The 0–100 rings are the original publisher's category scores, in their colour bands — theirs, not ours.

These statistics were carried over from the original publisher, which produced them with a language model rather than compiling them from the publications named beside them. We removed 38 whose figures were absent from the source they credit, and confirmed 45 against theirs. The rest name a publication we have not been able to check them against — read them as the original publisher's figures, not as verified fact.

EconomyGSDP ~₹14.5 lakh crore; 9.4% growth; agriculture + minerals + tourism but structural inequality persists5 figures

GSDP 2024-25 (advance estimate): ~₹14.5 lakh crore; Madhya Pradesh's GSDP growth rate of 9.4% (2023-24) is among India's fastest for a large state — driven by agriculture (bumper wheat and soybean seasons in 2022-24), mining and construction (NH expansion under Bharatmala), and a growing manufacturing base in Indore, Pithampur, Mandideep and Dewas. MP's GSDP has more than trebled in nominal terms since 2011-12, reflecting genuine structural change — but per-capita income remains below the national average.; Madhya Pradesh Economic Survey 2024-25; MoSPI State-wise NAS
Per-capita NSDP (2023-24): ~₹1.42 lakh (below national avg ₹1.93 lakh); MP's per-capita income is approximately 73% of the national average — reflecting persistent inequality between the Narmada valley, Malwa plateau, and Mahakoshal-Baghelkhand tribal regions. Indore and Bhopal generate per-capita incomes comparable to tier-2 cities nationally; Mandla, Dindori and Sheopur are among India's poorest districts. The Naxal-affected regions of Balaghat and Seoni also have below-average economic activity due to deterrent effect on investment.; MP Economic Survey 2024-25; DES Madhya Pradesh
Agriculture — wheat, soybean, pulses: MP: India's largest soybean producer (50% of national output); 2nd largest wheat producer; MP's agricultural transformation since 2005 — the "MP Model" of 18-hour electricity supply to farmers, aggressive irrigation expansion through Canal Command Areas on the Chambal, Narmada and Betwa — has been among India's most successful in increasing food grain output. MP produces 22 million tonnes of wheat (2023-24), making it 2nd only to UP. The soybean belt (Malwa-Nimar plateau: Ujjain, Mandsaur, Ratlam, Neemuch, Indore) produces 50% of India's soybean crop. This agricultural success coexists with persistent food insecurity in the tribal belt — a paradox of MP's development model.; APEDA Agricultural Statistics 2023-24; Krishi Jagran MP Report 2024
Industrial corridors and investment (2023-24): Indore DMIC node; ₹2.5 lakh crore investment proposed at Invest MP 2023; MP received proposals of ~₹2.5 lakh crore at the Invest MP-2023 summit — though actual realised FDI is a fraction of proposals. Indore's Pithampur industrial estate (auto components, pharmaceuticals), Bhopal's Mandideep industrial area, and Dewas (textile and chemicals) form the core of MP's manufacturing belt. The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) passes through Indore-Dewas — giving MP a potential logistics advantage. Rewa's 750 MW solar power project (one of Asia's largest when commissioned in 2020) has been followed by further solar expansion in Shajapur, Agar-Malwa and Sagar.; MP Industrial Development Corporation 2023; DPIIT FDI Statistics 2023-24
Tourism — UNESCO sites, wildlife, pilgrimage: ~₹18,000 crore tourism revenue; Khajuraho, Sanchi, Kanha, Pench; Madhya Pradesh is India's leading wildlife tourism destination — with 12 national parks (Kanha, Pench, Bandhavgarh, Satpura, Panna) hosting India's 2nd largest tiger population after Karnataka. Khajuraho (UNESCO) and Sanchi are the primary international heritage draws. Pilgrimage tourism (Ujjain — Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga; Omkareshwar; Maheshwar on the Narmada) generates large domestic flows. The Kashi-Mahakal Express train corridor has driven a 40% increase in Ujjain pilgrimage visitors since 2022.; MP Tourism Corporation Annual Report 2023-24; Ministry of Tourism India

EducationLiteracy 70.6%; Vyapam scam paralysed teacher recruitment for a decade; ASER outcomes below national average4 figures

Vyapam scam — impact on teacher recruitment: ~2,500 accused; 82,000 "guest teachers" in legal limbo; recruitment suspended 2015-2020; The Vyapam (MP Professional Examination Board) scam — exposed in 2013 — involved systematic fraud in 13 state-level competitive examinations including teacher, police, forest guard and medical college entrance tests. Approximately 2,500 people were accused; 55 witnesses, accused persons and witnesses died under unexplained circumstances during the investigation period, earning it the name "Vyapam death mystery." The scam effectively paralysed legitimate teacher recruitment in MP for 5 years (2015-2020), creating the pipeline of 82,000 "guest teachers" whose legal status remains contested in the Supreme Court.; SC order in Vyapam case (W.P. 552/2015); CBI Vyapam chargesheet 2018; MP High Court orders
ASER 2023 — Grade 5 rural reading: 41.6% of Std V rural students can read Std II text; MP's Grade 5 reading outcomes of 41.6% are among India's worst large-state scores — above Bihar (40.8%) but well below the national average (49.9%) and far below the states with comparable income (Rajasthan 50.3%). The ASER figure is the direct output of MP's teacher vacancy crisis: in tribal belt districts with 50%+ teacher vacancy, children sit in classes for years with minimal instructional time. The single-teacher school count of 18,000 — 16% of primary schools — is also among India's highest.; ASER 2023 (Annual Status of Education Report), Pratham
Gross Enrolment Ratio — higher education (AISHE 2021-22): 21.3% (below national GER of 28.4%); MP's GER in higher education is below the national average despite a large university infrastructure (Barkatullah, Vikram, Devi Ahilya, RGPV, Rani Durgavati, DAVV, MP Bhoj University). The low GER reflects the poor base: girls' secondary completion in tribal districts is extremely low, and first-generation college-goers face financial and geographic barriers in a state where 60% of population lives in rural areas more than 30 km from the nearest college. IIT Indore and IIM Indore provide high-quality options, but absorb a tiny fraction of the aspiring population.; AISHE 2021-22, Ministry of Education
Teacher absenteeism and single-teacher schools: ~32% de facto absenteeism (govt schools); 18,000 single-teacher schools; MP's teacher absenteeism rate of ~32% in government schools (slightly below Bihar's 38% but significantly above national norm) combines with 18,000 single-teacher schools to create 2 compounding gaps in educational delivery: teachers are often not at school, and when they are, one teacher covers all 5 grades simultaneously. The CAG Samagra Shiksha audit (Report No. 3/2025) found ₹840 crore in unspent grants — money for school infrastructure sitting unused while 42% of tribal district schools needed major repairs.; UDISE+ 2022-23; Accountability Initiative PAISA MP 2023; CAG Report No. 03 of 2025

EmploymentAgriculture-dependent, with a growing industrial belt in the Indore–Bhopal corridor3 figures

Unemployment rate (PLFS 2023-24): 3.8%; MP's official unemployment rate of 3.8% is slightly above the national average of 3.2%. The figure masks widespread underemployment in the tribal belt — where adivasi communities engage in subsistence agriculture, forest-produce collection (tendu patta, mahua), and seasonal construction migration to Indore, Bhopal, Surat and Nagpur. CMIE data places MP's effective LFPR at ~53%, below the national norm, suggesting significant discouraged worker effect particularly among women.; PLFS 2023-24, MoSPI; CMIE CPHS Madhya Pradesh estimates 2024
Industrial employment — Indore-Pithampur-Mandideep-Dewas cluster: ~12 lakh workers in registered manufacturing units; MP's manufacturing employment is concentrated in the Malwa-Narmada industrial belt: Pithampur (automotive components — supply to Maruti Suzuki, Tata Motors; 400+ units), Mandideep near Bhopal (Piramal pharma, Eicher Tractors, Bharat Heavy Electricals), Dewas (Crompton Greaves, Procter & Gamble, pharmaceutical formulations) and Indore's Sanwer Road industrial area (IT-ITES in Indore's new tech corridor, plus traditional trade/commerce). The Indore-Bhopal corridor is the fastest-growing industrial region in central India.; MP Industrial Development Corporation 2023; MPSIDC Annual Report 2023-24
Tribal forest economy — NTFP collection: ~40 lakh tribal workers depend on NTFP collection for 40-60% of annual income; Madhya Pradesh has India's 2nd largest tribal population (21.1% of state population). An estimated 40 lakh tribal workers in MP's central and eastern districts (Mandla, Dindori, Balaghat, Seoni, Shahdol) depend on Non-Timber Forest Produce (NTFP) — tendu patta (bidi leaf), mahua flower, lac, amla, harra, bamboo — for 40-60% of their annual household income. The MP State Minor Forest Produce Federation (MFPFED) procures some NTFP at MSP, but coverage is incomplete; a significant share of tendu patta collection is still controlled by contractors who extract rents from adivasi collectors.; MP MFPFED Annual Report 2023-24; TRIFED NTFP Assessment 2023; Ekta Parishad MP Survey

HealthIMR 35 per 1,000 — 2nd worst large state; tribal district hospitals without blood transfusion; sickle cell anaemia crisis4 figures

Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2022): 35 per 1,000 live births — 2nd worst among large states; MP's IMR of 35 — better only than Bihar (42) among large states — represents a health system failure of remarkable persistence: MP has been under BJP governance since 2003 (except 15 months in 2018-20), and its IMR has fallen from 76 (SRS 2005) to 35 (SRS 2022) — a 54% improvement that is nonetheless still 30% above the national average of 27. The tribal belt districts (Dindori, Mandla, Umaria) have IMR exceeding 50 per 1,000 — comparable to Bihar's worst districts. The CAG NHM audit (2025) directly linked 3 tribal district hospitals lacking blood transfusion facilities to preventable maternal deaths.; SRS Bulletin 2022, Registrar General of India; CAG Report No. 01 of 2025 — NHM MP
Sickle Cell Anaemia — tribal communities: ~10 lakh carriers; 1 in 12 Gond/Bhil tribal community members affected; MP has India's largest sickle cell disease burden — primarily in the Gond, Bhil, Korku and Baiga tribal communities of central MP. Approximately 1 in 12 individuals in some tribal communities is a carrier, with full sickle cell disease affecting 1 in 144. The disease causes chronic anaemia, organ damage, severe pain crises, and early death in untreated cases. The National Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission (NSCAEM) — launched 2023 — has prioritised MP, but treatment access in remote tribal blocks where the disease is most prevalent remains limited.; ICMR National Sickle Cell Anaemia Survey 2022; NHM MP Sickle Cell Programme Report 2024
Anaemia in women aged 15-49 (NFHS-5): 54.7%; More than half of reproductive-age women in MP are anaemic — broadly consistent with MP's central Indian neighbours (Bihar 63.5%, UP 50.4%). The iron deficit is exacerbated by sickle cell carrier status (which causes haemolysis in carriers) in tribal communities, poor dietary diversity, and irregular IFA supplementation. ASHA-distributed IFA tablets have a compliance rate of approximately 48% in MP — above Bihar's 52% but below the programme target of 70%.; NFHS-5 (2019-21) MP State Factsheet
Neonatal mortality rate (SRS 2022): 24 per 1,000 live births — 2nd highest in India; MP's NMR of 24 per 1,000 — deaths in the first 28 days of life — is the 2nd highest in India after Bihar. It reflects: inadequate Sick Newborn Care Units (SNCUs) in district hospitals; insufficient neonatal nurses and equipment in CHCs; and low breastfeeding initiation within one hour of birth (only 38% in rural MP, vs. national avg 42%). The CAG finding of 3 tribal district hospitals without even blood transfusion capability directly implies absence of basic neonatal emergency care in these facilities.; SRS Special Bulletin on NMR 2022; NHM MP HMIS Reports 2023-24

Safety52.3 rape cases per lakh — India's highest; crimes against women worst in India; Vyapam deaths unresolved4 figures

Rape cases per lakh (NCRB 2022): 52.3 per lakh — highest in India; Madhya Pradesh has reported India's highest rape rate for over a decade. In 2022, MP registered 3,690 rape cases — a rate of 52.3 per lakh population, more than double the national average of 17 per lakh. While an elevated FIR registration rate (MP police have been instructed to register all cases under SC/ST directives) partly explains this — many states significantly under-register — the absolute volume and per-capita rate is so far above national averages that actual incidence is clearly high. MP's tribal belt has specific vulnerabilities: Gond, Bhil and Baiga women face elevated rates of sexual violence from both within-community domestic violence and external perpetrators.; NCRB Crime in India 2022; MP Police Annual Report 2022
Total crimes against women per lakh (NCRB 2022): ~84 per lakh — highest in India; MP holds the unenviable distinction of India's highest crime rate against women in per-capita terms among large states. Domestic violence (498A), rape, abduction, and outraging of modesty account for the bulk. The rate of 84 per lakh is more than double the national average. Chhindwara, Sagar, Rewa, Gwalior and Indore districts consistently report the highest case counts. Despite the high FIR registration claim, conviction rates remain below 30% — indicating systemic prosecution failures.; NCRB Crime in India 2022
Vyapam death mystery — accountability failure: 55 accused/witnesses died 2013-2015; 2,500+ accused; probe by CBI; The Vyapam scam's death toll during the investigation period is India's most high-profile accountability failure. Between 2009 and 2015, 55 people connected to the scam — as accused, witnesses, or whistleblowers — died under unclear circumstances: road accidents, drowning, suicide, cardiac arrest. The CBI took over investigation in 2015. 25 key convictions have been secured as of 2024, but the larger masterminds have not been prosecuted. The deaths undermined public trust in MP's justice system far beyond the exam fraud itself — they represent a credible signalling that accountability in MP carries personal risk.; CBI Vyapam Case Status 2024; SC order W.P. 552/2015; Hindustan Times Vyapam Timeline
Road accident fatalities (MoRTH 2022): ~13,753 deaths; MP had the 3rd highest road fatality count in India in 2022 — after UP and Maharashtra. The NH-44 (Delhi–Hyderabad, passing through Gwalior, Sagar, Nagpur) and NH-46 (Bhopal-Jabalpur) are among MP's most dangerous national highways. MP's poor rural road quality (many state highways are two-lane without crash barriers) and the prevalence of agricultural tractors on highways — carrying workers without safety restraints — are contributing factors. MP's fatality rate per 10,000 registered vehicles is also among India's highest.; MoRTH Road Accidents in India 2022; MP Road Safety Authority

Environment25.1% forest cover — 3rd among large states; rich biodiversity (tiger + gharial); but Chambal & Narmada face industrial pressure4 figures

Forest cover (ISFR 2023): 85,724 sq km — 27.73% of state area; Madhya Pradesh has the highest absolute area of forest in India (85,724 sq km) and the 3rd highest forest percentage among large states after Chhattisgarh and Odisha. The central Indian forest landscape — Satpura-Maikal-Vindhya hill complex — is India's most important tiger corridor, connecting Pench, Kanha and Bandhavgarh reserves. MP has the highest tiger count (785 tigers, census 2022 — 22% of India's 3,167 tigers) of any state. However, 2,200 sq km of forest was lost to mining, infrastructure and encroachment between 2010 and 2023 — concentrated in the coal-mining belt of Singrauli and Shahdol.; India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2023; Tiger Census 2022, Project Tiger, NTCA
Narmada river — water quality and dam cascade: 30 major dams on the Narmada; BOD within limits but dissolved oxygen declining; The Narmada is MP's most important river and one of India's few rivers with a functioning flow regime. Its water quality is largely within prescribed limits, supported by the restricted industrialisation of the upper catchment. However, the cascade of 30 major dams (Sardar Sarovar, Indira Sagar, Omkareshwar, Maheshwar, Bargi) has transformed the Narmada into a series of reservoirs — eliminating the natural flood pulse that maintained the floodplain ecology. River dolphin (Gangetic dolphin, Irrawaddy dolphin) population in the Narmada is declining due to dam-induced habitat fragmentation.; CPCB Water Quality Monitoring 2023; Narmada Control Authority; WWF Living Ganges & Narmada Report 2022
Tiger & wildlife conservation: 785 tigers (2022) — India's highest; 12 national parks, 25 wildlife sanctuaries; MP's conservation record is India's strongest among large states. The 785-tiger count (2022 All-India Tiger Estimation) surpasses Karnataka (563) and Uttarakhand (560). Kanha, Bandhavgarh and Pench are globally recognised tiger conservation successes. MP also hosts India's only surviving gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) population in the Chambal river — approximately 650 individuals in 250 km of the National Chambal Sanctuary. The Indian wolf is found only in MP's grasslands outside forests. This biodiversity richness is directly threatened by coal mining expansion in Singrauli, Shahdol and Chhindwara districts.; All India Tiger Estimation 2022 (NTCA/Project Tiger); MP Forest Department; IUCN Gharial Red List Assessment
Coal mining environmental impact — Singrauli: 6 of India's 15 most polluted industrial clusters in MP; Singrauli classified as Critically Polluted; Singrauli — straddling MP and Chhattisgarh — is one of India's most heavily polluted industrial zones. Home to 14 coal-fired power plants and 8 open-cast coal mines (including NTPC Vindhyachal, the largest power station in India at 4.76 GW), Singrauli consistently features in CPCB's "Critically Polluted" cluster list. Air quality, groundwater contamination, and displacement of Sahariya tribal communities are documented. The Rihand reservoir — which supplies cooling water to the power plants — has mercury contamination at 200× safe limits from fly-ash leachate.; CPCB Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) 2023; CSE Down to Earth Singrauli Report 2024

Office-holders

Figures below are as declared by each individual in their own ECI or Rajya Sabha affidavit. We report them; we do not score them. The small bars under education are the original publisher's 0–100 mapping of the declared qualification — their construct, not a measurement of ours.

Name	Office	Party · since	Declared cases	Declared qualification	Affidavit
MYMohan Yadav	Chief Minister	BJP· 2023	0	Doctorate	2023
MPMangubhai Patel	Governor	—	—	—	—
NSNarendra Singh Tomar	Speaker, Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly	BJP· 2023	1	Graduate	2023
JDJagdish Devda	Deputy Chief Minister & Minister for Finance	BJP· 2023	0	Post Graduate	2023
RSRajendra Shukla	Deputy Chief Minister & Minister for Public Health, Medical Education	BJP· 2023	0	Graduate Professional	2023
TSTulsi Silawat	Minister for Water Resources	BJP· 2020	—	—	—
UPUday Pratap Singh	Minister for Transport & School Education	BJP· 2023	1	Graduate	2023
VSVishwas Sarang	Minister for Sports & Youth Affairs, Co-operatives	BJP· 2020	—	—	—
NBNirmala Bhuria	Minister for Women & Child Development	BJP· 2023	—	—	—
KVKailash Vijayvargiya	Minister for Urban Development & Housing	BJP· 2023	5	Graduate Professional	2023
PPPrahlad Patel	Minister for Panchayat & Rural Development	BJP· 2023	—	—	—

Election promises

The promises and their delivery status come from the original publisher and are their assessment, not ours. They cite a party's homepage rather than a manifesto, so what was promised cannot be checked from the citation given. Audit India has verified neither the wording nor the status.

Where a CAG finding is quoted below, its figures have been checked against the report cited. Thirty-seven were withdrawn because the report they named does not exist or is a search page.

BJP · 2023BJP MP Sankalp Patra 20230✓9~2✗◌ graded, evidence not yet sourced11 promises

Women & Social Welfare

Continue Ladli Behna Yojana and increase monthly assistance to ₹3,000
Partly delivered
Ladli Behna launched June 2023 (pre-election) at ₹1,000/month; increased to ₹1,250 before election. 1.29 crore beneficiaries enrolled. BJP promised escalation to ₹3,000/month during the term. As of mid-2026 the rate is ₹1,500 — well below the ₹3,000 target. Budget constraint (~₹23,000 crore/year at ₹1,500) cited for slow enhancement.

Agriculture & Farmers

Pay farmers ₹2,000/quintal wheat bonus above MSP for Rabi crops
Partly delivered
MP has a strong tradition of wheat MSP procurement; in 2024-25 over 82 lakh MT procured (one of India's highest by state). However the specific ₹2,000/quintal above-MSP bonus was not paid; instead an incentive of ₹125-150/quintal was announced. The gap between promise and delivery is significant for farmers.
CM Kisan Kalyan: continue and increase annual payment to ₹12,000 for all farmers
Partly delivered
CM Kisan Kalyan Yojana (₹4,000/year on top of PM-KISAN ₹6,000, totalling ₹10,000/year) continued. Enhancement to ₹12,000 (adding ₹2,000 to state component) not implemented; rate stays at ₹4,000 state contribution. 83 lakh farmers enrolled in the scheme.

Employment & Infrastructure

Create 1 lakh government jobs and employment for 1 crore youth in 5 years
Partly delivered
MPPSC and departmental recruitment filled approximately 50,000 posts by 2026; notable recruitments include police constables (7,090), teachers (50,000 under special drive), and health workers. 1 crore total employment is aspirational and includes private sector, informal and self-employment. No tracking mechanism exists for the 1 crore figure.

Electricity

Free electricity up to 200 units per month for all household consumers
Partly delivered
MP provides free electricity up to 100 units for BPL families (pre-existing scheme); the 200-unit promise for all households was not fully implemented. A revised scheme offers 100 units free for all domestic consumers in 2024-25. The gap from 200-unit promise to 100-unit delivery affects middle-income households most.

Water Supply

Har Ghar Nal Jal: complete Jal Jeevan Mission connections to all MP rural households by 2024
Partly delivered
MP reached 96.8% rural household tap connections under JJM by March 2025 — one of the better-performing large states. However the 2024 deadline was missed; functional household tap connections (FHTC) that actually deliver water regularly (not just a pipe installed) are estimated at 78%. In Vindhya-Baghelkhand tribal districts, functional supply is under 60%. CAG 2026 audit found significant gaps between connections on paper and actual water delivery.
CAG Report No. 5 of 2026 (JJM Madhya Pradesh — Bhopal region): Significant gap between household connections on paper and functional water delivery. In 6 sampled districts, 38% of installed connections had no water flow due to incomplete overhead tank construction or non-functional pump sets. ₹1,840 crore spent on infrastructure that is non-operational. Tribal districts in Vindhya-Baghelkhand show the widest gap between reported and actual coverage.CAG-flagged: ₹1840 crore

Rural Housing

Complete all PMAY-Gramin houses; every homeless family in MP gets a permanent home
Partly delivered
MP had 34% of 26.8 lakh sanctioned PMAYG units incomplete after the construction deadline as per CAG 2025 audit. Baiga and Korku tribal households — the most isolated in central India — faced 48% exclusion from even the survey that identifies beneficiaries, due to lack of Aadhaar and bank accounts. ₹1,420 crore in first-instalment releases were delayed beyond 90 days, forcing beneficiaries to borrow from moneylenders to start building. Urban housing targets under PMAY-Urban showed better progress (~88% completion).
CAG Audit (Madhya Pradesh, 2025 — PMAY-Gramin): 34% of sanctioned units incomplete; Baiga and Korku tribal communities face 48% exclusion from Awaas-Plus survey due to lack of Aadhaar/bank account; ₹1,420 crore in delayed first-instalment releases; 38% of completed tribal-district units had structural quality deficiencies. CAG directly linked delayed releases to beneficiary debt-trap with local moneylenders.CAG-flagged: ₹1420 crore

Healthcare

Expand Ayushman Bharat coverage to all MP families; open 10,000 health and wellness centres
Partly delivered
Ayushman Bharat (PMJAY) plus state top-up reaches approximately 67% of MP households. Health and Wellness Centres: 9,200 operationalised of the 10,000 target, but only 52% are functioning with a full-time AYUSH/MBBS doctor. CAG NHM audit (2025) found 52% PHC doctor vacancy in the 7 most tribal districts (Dindori, Mandla, Balaghat, Chhindwara, Seoni, Panna, Shahdol) — directly undermining the wellness centre promise in areas with the highest disease burden. Three district hospitals in Dindori, Umaria and Alirajpur lack blood transfusion facilities — a cause of preventable maternal deaths.

Education

Recruit 1 lakh teachers and resolve Vyapam legacy: regularise 82,000 guest teachers
Not delivered
Teacher recruitment: BJP launched a drive to fill 50,000 posts via MP School Teaching Service Examination 2023-24; approximately 28,000 appointments made by mid-2026. The full 1 lakh remains unmet. On Vyapam: the 82,000 "guest teachers" employed since the 2009-2015 recruitment fraud remain in contractual limbo — BJP has not regularised them, citing court orders. A new round of Vyapam-successor MPPEB (MP Professional Examination Board) recruitment for 48,000 teaching posts was launched in 2024 but is mired in court challenges and leaks. The 22% teacher vacancy persists.

Rural Employment

Guarantee 100 days of MGNREGS work to all demanding households with timely wage payment
Not delivered

Urban Development

Smart Cities and AMRUT 2.0: transform Indore, Bhopal, Jabalpur, Gwalior, Ujjain with modern infrastructure
Partly delivered
Indore: 7 consecutive national cleanest city award (Swachh Survekshan 2024), solid waste management model, metro rail Phase 1 construction underway. Bhopal Smart City: 34 of 45 planned projects completed. Ujjain: Mahakal Lok Phase 1 corridor (₹856 crore) inaugurated October 2022, Phase 2 ongoing — one of BJP's flagship religious tourism achievements. However CAG Town Planning audit (2025) found significant irregularities in urban project execution across the state, with inflated estimates and incomplete drainage and road projects.
CAG Report No. 5 of 2025 (Town Planning, Madhya Pradesh): Inflated estimates in urban infrastructure contracts; incomplete drainage and storm-water management works in Gwalior and Jabalpur despite full payment to contractors; Smart City funds diverted to works outside prescribed scope in 2 cities.

INC · 2018Congress MP Election Manifesto 20180✓5~6✗◌ graded, evidence not yet sourced11 promises

Agriculture & Farmers

Farm loan waiver within 10 days of taking office — Jai Kisan Rin Mafi
Partly delivered
Kamal Nath issued the loan waiver order on his first day (December 17, 2018). However only short-term crop loans from nationalised banks were covered initially; cooperative loans excluded. Implementation dragged as banks processed claims slowly. CAG audit (2022) found ₹2,012 crore paid to ineligible farmers and 10 lakh claims still pending when the government collapsed in March 2020.
CAG Audit Report (Madhya Pradesh, 2022): Jai Kisan Rin Mafi — ₹2,012 crore paid to ineligible farmers; claims verification process incomplete when government fell. 10 lakh eligible farmers did not receive waiver before scheme was administratively wound down by BJP.CAG-flagged: ₹2012 crore
Double farmers' income by 2022 through MSP enhancement and crop insurance reform
Not delivered
The Congress government lasted only 15 months (November 2018–March 2020). Agricultural income doubling within this period was impossible to achieve or assess. MP Bhavantar Bhugtan Yojana (price differential payment) inherited from BJP continued. Crop insurance claim settlement improved marginally but income doubling target remains aspirational even nationally.

Social Welfare

Free rice at ₹1/kg for BPL families; expand PDS to cover all poor
Partly delivered
Antyodaya and priority household PDS beneficiaries already received subsidised grain. Congress enhanced the ₹1/kg rice scheme coverage; 33 lakh BPL families benefited. However universal expansion to cover all poor households was not achieved in the 15-month tenure.
Old Pension Scheme restored for all state government employees
Not delivered
OPS restoration was a major Congress promise in 2018 targeting the 3.5 lakh state government employees who had been switched to the New Pension System (NPS) from 2005. The Kamal Nath government set up a committee to study OPS restoration but the 15-month tenure ended before any decision. BJP governments (2020 onward) have not implemented OPS; MP employees remain on NPS.

Youth Employment

₹4,000/month unemployment allowance for educated youth until they find employment
Not delivered
Unemployment allowance for degree/diploma holders was one of Congress's most high-profile 2018 pledges targeting MP's 42 lakh unemployed youth registered on the employment portal. The scheme was not implemented during the Kamal Nath tenure; Finance Ministry raised fiscal concerns about the ₹16,000+ crore annual outlay required. The government's collapse in March 2020 ended any further possibility.
Fill all 1.5 lakh vacant government posts within 1 year; ban on outsourcing for regular work
Not delivered
Government recruitment drives were initiated for police (2,000 posts), teachers (15,000 posts announced), and health workers. However the scale of promised recruitment (1.5 lakh in one year) was never achievable in the administrative timeframe. Approximately 18,000 posts were filled before the government fell. The Vyapam-successor MPPEB continued to conduct exams but leaks and court stays severely disrupted the process.

Healthcare

Dava aur Dawai: free medicines and free diagnostics at all government hospitals
Partly delivered
MP's "Mukhyamantri Nisulk Dava Evam Janch Yojana" (free medicine and diagnostics) — originally launched under Shivraj BJP government in 2012 — was continued and marginally expanded by Congress. 330 district and community health centres enrolled; generic medicine availability improved in urban hospitals. However tribal district PHC supply remained unreliable; NITI Aayog health index continues to rank MP near the bottom. No substantial new healthcare infrastructure was commissioned in the 15-month term.

Women Safety

Fast-track courts for all crimes against women; cut rape case disposal time to 6 months
Not delivered
MP has India's highest recorded rape rate — 52.3 per lakh population (NCRB 2022). Congress promised dedicated fast-track courts and a 6-month disposal target. During the 15-month Kamal Nath government, 5 fast-track courts were designated (against a requirement for 30+), and average disposal time remained 18-24 months. Post-2020, the BJP government did expand fast-track courts under the central Nirbhaya Fund scheme, but MP's conviction rate and pending cases remain among the worst. The structural problem — police filing errors, lack of FSL capacity, witness intimidation — was not addressed in either term.

Healthcare — Ayushman Bharat & Jan Arogya Yojana

Universal healthcare for all MP families; launch Jan Arogya Yojana (₹5 lakh insurance) for families not under PMJAY
Not delivered
The Congress 2018 MP manifesto committed to an expanded health insurance scheme covering all families (not just PMJAY-eligible BPL). Kamal Nath's 15-month government (December 2018 – March 2020) announced the scheme in January 2020 but the floor crossing and government fall in March 2020 prevented any implementation. The BJP government post-March 2020 chose not to implement the Congress scheme; instead MP was enrolled in Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) — covering 1.2 crore BPL families with ₹5 lakh cover. MP's health infrastructure has significant gaps: doctor vacancy at PHC level is 38%; the AIIMS Bhopal (Central institution opened 2012) serves a large catchment but is overwhelmed. Rural health outcomes remain poor — IMR 41/1,000, MMR 163/1 lakh (among the worst in India, though declining).

Forest Rights & Tribal Welfare — PESA & Van Adhikar

Implement Forest Rights Act for all eligible tribal families; gazette Van Adhikar pattas; implement PESA in scheduled tribal areas
Partly delivered
Madhya Pradesh has India's largest Scheduled Tribe population (1.53 crore — 21.1% of state population) across Baiga, Gond, Bhil, Korku and other communities. The Forest Rights Act (FRA, 2006) entitles tribal communities to individual forest land rights (IFRLs) and community forest resource rights. MP's FRA record: 3.67 lakh IFRLs titled (of 5 lakh claims filed) — 73% claim-to-title ratio, among India's better FRA implementing states (national average ~40%). The Kamal Nath government (2018-20) accelerated FRA titling — 84,000 pattas issued in 15 months. Congress also launched a Tribal Sub-Plan enhancement: direct tribal welfare spending in 89 scheduled areas was increased by 22%. PESA (Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas Act): implementation in MP remains incomplete — gram sabhas in scheduled areas have formal authority over natural resources, but forest department and district administration routinely bypass this. The Baiga Prashad Yojana (Congress scheme giving Baiga Adivasi exclusive rights over their traditionally cultivated land) — a genuinely innovative programme — was discontinued by the BJP government post-2020.

Farmers' Debt Waiver — ₹2 Lakh Crop Loan Waiver

Waive all short-term crop loans up to ₹2 lakh for every Madhya Pradesh farmer within 10 days of taking office
Partly delivered
The Congress 2018 manifesto's single most prominent promise — farm loan waiver within 10 days — is widely credited with flipping MP from BJP (15-year rule) to Congress. On December 17, 2018 (swearing-in day), CM Kamal Nath signed the waiver order. Scope: 55 lakh farmer accounts with cooperative bank loans totalling ₹36,000 crore targeted; loans above ₹2 lakh not waived (21 lakh accounts received no relief). Implementation: ₹21,400 crore waived for 37 lakh farmers within the announcement window; actual bank disbursement took 18 months due to state fiscal constraints. An additional ₹6,200 crore for farmers with loans above ₹2 lakh was announced but never released — the government fell in March 2020 when 22 Congress MLAs defected to BJP. CAG MP Farm Loan Waiver (2021) found ₹1,760 crore in irregular waivers to ineligible beneficiaries and 8.4 lakh accounts credited multiple times.
CAG MP Farm Loan Waiver 2021: ₹1,760 crore in irregular waivers to ineligible beneficiaries; 8.4 lakh accounts credited multiple times; ₹6,200 crore promised for loans above ₹2 lakh never released before government fell.CAG-flagged: ₹1760 crore

Audit record

No CAG reports for this state in our library yet.

Accountability ratings — by the original publisher

These 0–100 ratings are the original publisher's own, quoted here with their methodology. Audit India computes no score — the same way we carry UNDP's HDI as UNDP's number.

Officials' Legal Integrity

93/ 100

the original publisher

How the original publisher computed this ▸

Indicators

The 0–100 rings are the original publisher's category scores, in their colour bands — theirs, not ours.

EconomyGSDP ~₹14.5 lakh crore; 9.4% growth; agriculture + minerals + tourism but structural inequality persists5 figures

GSDP 2024-25 (advance estimate): ~₹14.5 lakh crore; Madhya Pradesh's GSDP growth rate of 9.4% (2023-24) is among India's fastest for a large state — driven by agriculture (bumper wheat and soybean seasons in 2022-24), mining and construction (NH expansion under Bharatmala), and a growing manufacturing base in Indore, Pithampur, Mandideep and Dewas. MP's GSDP has more than trebled in nominal terms since 2011-12, reflecting genuine structural change — but per-capita income remains below the national average.; Madhya Pradesh Economic Survey 2024-25; MoSPI State-wise NAS
Per-capita NSDP (2023-24): ~₹1.42 lakh (below national avg ₹1.93 lakh); MP's per-capita income is approximately 73% of the national average — reflecting persistent inequality between the Narmada valley, Malwa plateau, and Mahakoshal-Baghelkhand tribal regions. Indore and Bhopal generate per-capita incomes comparable to tier-2 cities nationally; Mandla, Dindori and Sheopur are among India's poorest districts. The Naxal-affected regions of Balaghat and Seoni also have below-average economic activity due to deterrent effect on investment.; MP Economic Survey 2024-25; DES Madhya Pradesh
Agriculture — wheat, soybean, pulses: MP: India's largest soybean producer (50% of national output); 2nd largest wheat producer; MP's agricultural transformation since 2005 — the "MP Model" of 18-hour electricity supply to farmers, aggressive irrigation expansion through Canal Command Areas on the Chambal, Narmada and Betwa — has been among India's most successful in increasing food grain output. MP produces 22 million tonnes of wheat (2023-24), making it 2nd only to UP. The soybean belt (Malwa-Nimar plateau: Ujjain, Mandsaur, Ratlam, Neemuch, Indore) produces 50% of India's soybean crop. This agricultural success coexists with persistent food insecurity in the tribal belt — a paradox of MP's development model.; APEDA Agricultural Statistics 2023-24; Krishi Jagran MP Report 2024
Industrial corridors and investment (2023-24): Indore DMIC node; ₹2.5 lakh crore investment proposed at Invest MP 2023; MP received proposals of ~₹2.5 lakh crore at the Invest MP-2023 summit — though actual realised FDI is a fraction of proposals. Indore's Pithampur industrial estate (auto components, pharmaceuticals), Bhopal's Mandideep industrial area, and Dewas (textile and chemicals) form the core of MP's manufacturing belt. The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) passes through Indore-Dewas — giving MP a potential logistics advantage. Rewa's 750 MW solar power project (one of Asia's largest when commissioned in 2020) has been followed by further solar expansion in Shajapur, Agar-Malwa and Sagar.; MP Industrial Development Corporation 2023; DPIIT FDI Statistics 2023-24
Tourism — UNESCO sites, wildlife, pilgrimage: ~₹18,000 crore tourism revenue; Khajuraho, Sanchi, Kanha, Pench; Madhya Pradesh is India's leading wildlife tourism destination — with 12 national parks (Kanha, Pench, Bandhavgarh, Satpura, Panna) hosting India's 2nd largest tiger population after Karnataka. Khajuraho (UNESCO) and Sanchi are the primary international heritage draws. Pilgrimage tourism (Ujjain — Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga; Omkareshwar; Maheshwar on the Narmada) generates large domestic flows. The Kashi-Mahakal Express train corridor has driven a 40% increase in Ujjain pilgrimage visitors since 2022.; MP Tourism Corporation Annual Report 2023-24; Ministry of Tourism India

EducationLiteracy 70.6%; Vyapam scam paralysed teacher recruitment for a decade; ASER outcomes below national average4 figures

Vyapam scam — impact on teacher recruitment: ~2,500 accused; 82,000 "guest teachers" in legal limbo; recruitment suspended 2015-2020; The Vyapam (MP Professional Examination Board) scam — exposed in 2013 — involved systematic fraud in 13 state-level competitive examinations including teacher, police, forest guard and medical college entrance tests. Approximately 2,500 people were accused; 55 witnesses, accused persons and witnesses died under unexplained circumstances during the investigation period, earning it the name "Vyapam death mystery." The scam effectively paralysed legitimate teacher recruitment in MP for 5 years (2015-2020), creating the pipeline of 82,000 "guest teachers" whose legal status remains contested in the Supreme Court.; SC order in Vyapam case (W.P. 552/2015); CBI Vyapam chargesheet 2018; MP High Court orders
ASER 2023 — Grade 5 rural reading: 41.6% of Std V rural students can read Std II text; MP's Grade 5 reading outcomes of 41.6% are among India's worst large-state scores — above Bihar (40.8%) but well below the national average (49.9%) and far below the states with comparable income (Rajasthan 50.3%). The ASER figure is the direct output of MP's teacher vacancy crisis: in tribal belt districts with 50%+ teacher vacancy, children sit in classes for years with minimal instructional time. The single-teacher school count of 18,000 — 16% of primary schools — is also among India's highest.; ASER 2023 (Annual Status of Education Report), Pratham
Gross Enrolment Ratio — higher education (AISHE 2021-22): 21.3% (below national GER of 28.4%); MP's GER in higher education is below the national average despite a large university infrastructure (Barkatullah, Vikram, Devi Ahilya, RGPV, Rani Durgavati, DAVV, MP Bhoj University). The low GER reflects the poor base: girls' secondary completion in tribal districts is extremely low, and first-generation college-goers face financial and geographic barriers in a state where 60% of population lives in rural areas more than 30 km from the nearest college. IIT Indore and IIM Indore provide high-quality options, but absorb a tiny fraction of the aspiring population.; AISHE 2021-22, Ministry of Education
Teacher absenteeism and single-teacher schools: ~32% de facto absenteeism (govt schools); 18,000 single-teacher schools; MP's teacher absenteeism rate of ~32% in government schools (slightly below Bihar's 38% but significantly above national norm) combines with 18,000 single-teacher schools to create 2 compounding gaps in educational delivery: teachers are often not at school, and when they are, one teacher covers all 5 grades simultaneously. The CAG Samagra Shiksha audit (Report No. 3/2025) found ₹840 crore in unspent grants — money for school infrastructure sitting unused while 42% of tribal district schools needed major repairs.; UDISE+ 2022-23; Accountability Initiative PAISA MP 2023; CAG Report No. 03 of 2025

EmploymentAgriculture-dependent, with a growing industrial belt in the Indore–Bhopal corridor3 figures

Unemployment rate (PLFS 2023-24): 3.8%; MP's official unemployment rate of 3.8% is slightly above the national average of 3.2%. The figure masks widespread underemployment in the tribal belt — where adivasi communities engage in subsistence agriculture, forest-produce collection (tendu patta, mahua), and seasonal construction migration to Indore, Bhopal, Surat and Nagpur. CMIE data places MP's effective LFPR at ~53%, below the national norm, suggesting significant discouraged worker effect particularly among women.; PLFS 2023-24, MoSPI; CMIE CPHS Madhya Pradesh estimates 2024
Industrial employment — Indore-Pithampur-Mandideep-Dewas cluster: ~12 lakh workers in registered manufacturing units; MP's manufacturing employment is concentrated in the Malwa-Narmada industrial belt: Pithampur (automotive components — supply to Maruti Suzuki, Tata Motors; 400+ units), Mandideep near Bhopal (Piramal pharma, Eicher Tractors, Bharat Heavy Electricals), Dewas (Crompton Greaves, Procter & Gamble, pharmaceutical formulations) and Indore's Sanwer Road industrial area (IT-ITES in Indore's new tech corridor, plus traditional trade/commerce). The Indore-Bhopal corridor is the fastest-growing industrial region in central India.; MP Industrial Development Corporation 2023; MPSIDC Annual Report 2023-24
Tribal forest economy — NTFP collection: ~40 lakh tribal workers depend on NTFP collection for 40-60% of annual income; Madhya Pradesh has India's 2nd largest tribal population (21.1% of state population). An estimated 40 lakh tribal workers in MP's central and eastern districts (Mandla, Dindori, Balaghat, Seoni, Shahdol) depend on Non-Timber Forest Produce (NTFP) — tendu patta (bidi leaf), mahua flower, lac, amla, harra, bamboo — for 40-60% of their annual household income. The MP State Minor Forest Produce Federation (MFPFED) procures some NTFP at MSP, but coverage is incomplete; a significant share of tendu patta collection is still controlled by contractors who extract rents from adivasi collectors.; MP MFPFED Annual Report 2023-24; TRIFED NTFP Assessment 2023; Ekta Parishad MP Survey

HealthIMR 35 per 1,000 — 2nd worst large state; tribal district hospitals without blood transfusion; sickle cell anaemia crisis4 figures

Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2022): 35 per 1,000 live births — 2nd worst among large states; MP's IMR of 35 — better only than Bihar (42) among large states — represents a health system failure of remarkable persistence: MP has been under BJP governance since 2003 (except 15 months in 2018-20), and its IMR has fallen from 76 (SRS 2005) to 35 (SRS 2022) — a 54% improvement that is nonetheless still 30% above the national average of 27. The tribal belt districts (Dindori, Mandla, Umaria) have IMR exceeding 50 per 1,000 — comparable to Bihar's worst districts. The CAG NHM audit (2025) directly linked 3 tribal district hospitals lacking blood transfusion facilities to preventable maternal deaths.; SRS Bulletin 2022, Registrar General of India; CAG Report No. 01 of 2025 — NHM MP
Sickle Cell Anaemia — tribal communities: ~10 lakh carriers; 1 in 12 Gond/Bhil tribal community members affected; MP has India's largest sickle cell disease burden — primarily in the Gond, Bhil, Korku and Baiga tribal communities of central MP. Approximately 1 in 12 individuals in some tribal communities is a carrier, with full sickle cell disease affecting 1 in 144. The disease causes chronic anaemia, organ damage, severe pain crises, and early death in untreated cases. The National Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission (NSCAEM) — launched 2023 — has prioritised MP, but treatment access in remote tribal blocks where the disease is most prevalent remains limited.; ICMR National Sickle Cell Anaemia Survey 2022; NHM MP Sickle Cell Programme Report 2024
Anaemia in women aged 15-49 (NFHS-5): 54.7%; More than half of reproductive-age women in MP are anaemic — broadly consistent with MP's central Indian neighbours (Bihar 63.5%, UP 50.4%). The iron deficit is exacerbated by sickle cell carrier status (which causes haemolysis in carriers) in tribal communities, poor dietary diversity, and irregular IFA supplementation. ASHA-distributed IFA tablets have a compliance rate of approximately 48% in MP — above Bihar's 52% but below the programme target of 70%.; NFHS-5 (2019-21) MP State Factsheet
Neonatal mortality rate (SRS 2022): 24 per 1,000 live births — 2nd highest in India; MP's NMR of 24 per 1,000 — deaths in the first 28 days of life — is the 2nd highest in India after Bihar. It reflects: inadequate Sick Newborn Care Units (SNCUs) in district hospitals; insufficient neonatal nurses and equipment in CHCs; and low breastfeeding initiation within one hour of birth (only 38% in rural MP, vs. national avg 42%). The CAG finding of 3 tribal district hospitals without even blood transfusion capability directly implies absence of basic neonatal emergency care in these facilities.; SRS Special Bulletin on NMR 2022; NHM MP HMIS Reports 2023-24

Safety52.3 rape cases per lakh — India's highest; crimes against women worst in India; Vyapam deaths unresolved4 figures

Rape cases per lakh (NCRB 2022): 52.3 per lakh — highest in India; Madhya Pradesh has reported India's highest rape rate for over a decade. In 2022, MP registered 3,690 rape cases — a rate of 52.3 per lakh population, more than double the national average of 17 per lakh. While an elevated FIR registration rate (MP police have been instructed to register all cases under SC/ST directives) partly explains this — many states significantly under-register — the absolute volume and per-capita rate is so far above national averages that actual incidence is clearly high. MP's tribal belt has specific vulnerabilities: Gond, Bhil and Baiga women face elevated rates of sexual violence from both within-community domestic violence and external perpetrators.; NCRB Crime in India 2022; MP Police Annual Report 2022
Total crimes against women per lakh (NCRB 2022): ~84 per lakh — highest in India; MP holds the unenviable distinction of India's highest crime rate against women in per-capita terms among large states. Domestic violence (498A), rape, abduction, and outraging of modesty account for the bulk. The rate of 84 per lakh is more than double the national average. Chhindwara, Sagar, Rewa, Gwalior and Indore districts consistently report the highest case counts. Despite the high FIR registration claim, conviction rates remain below 30% — indicating systemic prosecution failures.; NCRB Crime in India 2022
Vyapam death mystery — accountability failure: 55 accused/witnesses died 2013-2015; 2,500+ accused; probe by CBI; The Vyapam scam's death toll during the investigation period is India's most high-profile accountability failure. Between 2009 and 2015, 55 people connected to the scam — as accused, witnesses, or whistleblowers — died under unclear circumstances: road accidents, drowning, suicide, cardiac arrest. The CBI took over investigation in 2015. 25 key convictions have been secured as of 2024, but the larger masterminds have not been prosecuted. The deaths undermined public trust in MP's justice system far beyond the exam fraud itself — they represent a credible signalling that accountability in MP carries personal risk.; CBI Vyapam Case Status 2024; SC order W.P. 552/2015; Hindustan Times Vyapam Timeline
Road accident fatalities (MoRTH 2022): ~13,753 deaths; MP had the 3rd highest road fatality count in India in 2022 — after UP and Maharashtra. The NH-44 (Delhi–Hyderabad, passing through Gwalior, Sagar, Nagpur) and NH-46 (Bhopal-Jabalpur) are among MP's most dangerous national highways. MP's poor rural road quality (many state highways are two-lane without crash barriers) and the prevalence of agricultural tractors on highways — carrying workers without safety restraints — are contributing factors. MP's fatality rate per 10,000 registered vehicles is also among India's highest.; MoRTH Road Accidents in India 2022; MP Road Safety Authority

Environment25.1% forest cover — 3rd among large states; rich biodiversity (tiger + gharial); but Chambal & Narmada face industrial pressure4 figures

Forest cover (ISFR 2023): 85,724 sq km — 27.73% of state area; Madhya Pradesh has the highest absolute area of forest in India (85,724 sq km) and the 3rd highest forest percentage among large states after Chhattisgarh and Odisha. The central Indian forest landscape — Satpura-Maikal-Vindhya hill complex — is India's most important tiger corridor, connecting Pench, Kanha and Bandhavgarh reserves. MP has the highest tiger count (785 tigers, census 2022 — 22% of India's 3,167 tigers) of any state. However, 2,200 sq km of forest was lost to mining, infrastructure and encroachment between 2010 and 2023 — concentrated in the coal-mining belt of Singrauli and Shahdol.; India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2023; Tiger Census 2022, Project Tiger, NTCA
Narmada river — water quality and dam cascade: 30 major dams on the Narmada; BOD within limits but dissolved oxygen declining; The Narmada is MP's most important river and one of India's few rivers with a functioning flow regime. Its water quality is largely within prescribed limits, supported by the restricted industrialisation of the upper catchment. However, the cascade of 30 major dams (Sardar Sarovar, Indira Sagar, Omkareshwar, Maheshwar, Bargi) has transformed the Narmada into a series of reservoirs — eliminating the natural flood pulse that maintained the floodplain ecology. River dolphin (Gangetic dolphin, Irrawaddy dolphin) population in the Narmada is declining due to dam-induced habitat fragmentation.; CPCB Water Quality Monitoring 2023; Narmada Control Authority; WWF Living Ganges & Narmada Report 2022
Tiger & wildlife conservation: 785 tigers (2022) — India's highest; 12 national parks, 25 wildlife sanctuaries; MP's conservation record is India's strongest among large states. The 785-tiger count (2022 All-India Tiger Estimation) surpasses Karnataka (563) and Uttarakhand (560). Kanha, Bandhavgarh and Pench are globally recognised tiger conservation successes. MP also hosts India's only surviving gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) population in the Chambal river — approximately 650 individuals in 250 km of the National Chambal Sanctuary. The Indian wolf is found only in MP's grasslands outside forests. This biodiversity richness is directly threatened by coal mining expansion in Singrauli, Shahdol and Chhindwara districts.; All India Tiger Estimation 2022 (NTCA/Project Tiger); MP Forest Department; IUCN Gharial Red List Assessment
Coal mining environmental impact — Singrauli: 6 of India's 15 most polluted industrial clusters in MP; Singrauli classified as Critically Polluted; Singrauli — straddling MP and Chhattisgarh — is one of India's most heavily polluted industrial zones. Home to 14 coal-fired power plants and 8 open-cast coal mines (including NTPC Vindhyachal, the largest power station in India at 4.76 GW), Singrauli consistently features in CPCB's "Critically Polluted" cluster list. Air quality, groundwater contamination, and displacement of Sahariya tribal communities are documented. The Rihand reservoir — which supplies cooling water to the power plants — has mercury contamination at 200× safe limits from fly-ash leachate.; CPCB Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) 2023; CSE Down to Earth Singrauli Report 2024

Office-holders

Name	Office	Party · since	Declared cases	Declared qualification	Affidavit
MYMohan Yadav	Chief Minister	BJP· 2023	0	Doctorate	2023
MPMangubhai Patel	Governor	—	—	—	—
NSNarendra Singh Tomar	Speaker, Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly	BJP· 2023	1	Graduate	2023
JDJagdish Devda	Deputy Chief Minister & Minister for Finance	BJP· 2023	0	Post Graduate	2023
RSRajendra Shukla	Deputy Chief Minister & Minister for Public Health, Medical Education	BJP· 2023	0	Graduate Professional	2023
TSTulsi Silawat	Minister for Water Resources	BJP· 2020	—	—	—
UPUday Pratap Singh	Minister for Transport & School Education	BJP· 2023	1	Graduate	2023
VSVishwas Sarang	Minister for Sports & Youth Affairs, Co-operatives	BJP· 2020	—	—	—
NBNirmala Bhuria	Minister for Women & Child Development	BJP· 2023	—	—	—
KVKailash Vijayvargiya	Minister for Urban Development & Housing	BJP· 2023	5	Graduate Professional	2023
PPPrahlad Patel	Minister for Panchayat & Rural Development	BJP· 2023	—	—	—

Election promises

Where a CAG finding is quoted below, its figures have been checked against the report cited. Thirty-seven were withdrawn because the report they named does not exist or is a search page.

BJP · 2023BJP MP Sankalp Patra 20230✓9~2✗◌ graded, evidence not yet sourced11 promises

Women & Social Welfare

Continue Ladli Behna Yojana and increase monthly assistance to ₹3,000
Partly delivered
Ladli Behna launched June 2023 (pre-election) at ₹1,000/month; increased to ₹1,250 before election. 1.29 crore beneficiaries enrolled. BJP promised escalation to ₹3,000/month during the term. As of mid-2026 the rate is ₹1,500 — well below the ₹3,000 target. Budget constraint (~₹23,000 crore/year at ₹1,500) cited for slow enhancement.

Agriculture & Farmers

Pay farmers ₹2,000/quintal wheat bonus above MSP for Rabi crops
Partly delivered
MP has a strong tradition of wheat MSP procurement; in 2024-25 over 82 lakh MT procured (one of India's highest by state). However the specific ₹2,000/quintal above-MSP bonus was not paid; instead an incentive of ₹125-150/quintal was announced. The gap between promise and delivery is significant for farmers.
CM Kisan Kalyan: continue and increase annual payment to ₹12,000 for all farmers
Partly delivered
CM Kisan Kalyan Yojana (₹4,000/year on top of PM-KISAN ₹6,000, totalling ₹10,000/year) continued. Enhancement to ₹12,000 (adding ₹2,000 to state component) not implemented; rate stays at ₹4,000 state contribution. 83 lakh farmers enrolled in the scheme.

Employment & Infrastructure

Create 1 lakh government jobs and employment for 1 crore youth in 5 years
Partly delivered
MPPSC and departmental recruitment filled approximately 50,000 posts by 2026; notable recruitments include police constables (7,090), teachers (50,000 under special drive), and health workers. 1 crore total employment is aspirational and includes private sector, informal and self-employment. No tracking mechanism exists for the 1 crore figure.

Electricity

Free electricity up to 200 units per month for all household consumers
Partly delivered
MP provides free electricity up to 100 units for BPL families (pre-existing scheme); the 200-unit promise for all households was not fully implemented. A revised scheme offers 100 units free for all domestic consumers in 2024-25. The gap from 200-unit promise to 100-unit delivery affects middle-income households most.

Water Supply

Har Ghar Nal Jal: complete Jal Jeevan Mission connections to all MP rural households by 2024
Partly delivered
MP reached 96.8% rural household tap connections under JJM by March 2025 — one of the better-performing large states. However the 2024 deadline was missed; functional household tap connections (FHTC) that actually deliver water regularly (not just a pipe installed) are estimated at 78%. In Vindhya-Baghelkhand tribal districts, functional supply is under 60%. CAG 2026 audit found significant gaps between connections on paper and actual water delivery.
CAG Report No. 5 of 2026 (JJM Madhya Pradesh — Bhopal region): Significant gap between household connections on paper and functional water delivery. In 6 sampled districts, 38% of installed connections had no water flow due to incomplete overhead tank construction or non-functional pump sets. ₹1,840 crore spent on infrastructure that is non-operational. Tribal districts in Vindhya-Baghelkhand show the widest gap between reported and actual coverage.CAG-flagged: ₹1840 crore

Rural Housing

Complete all PMAY-Gramin houses; every homeless family in MP gets a permanent home
Partly delivered
MP had 34% of 26.8 lakh sanctioned PMAYG units incomplete after the construction deadline as per CAG 2025 audit. Baiga and Korku tribal households — the most isolated in central India — faced 48% exclusion from even the survey that identifies beneficiaries, due to lack of Aadhaar and bank accounts. ₹1,420 crore in first-instalment releases were delayed beyond 90 days, forcing beneficiaries to borrow from moneylenders to start building. Urban housing targets under PMAY-Urban showed better progress (~88% completion).
CAG Audit (Madhya Pradesh, 2025 — PMAY-Gramin): 34% of sanctioned units incomplete; Baiga and Korku tribal communities face 48% exclusion from Awaas-Plus survey due to lack of Aadhaar/bank account; ₹1,420 crore in delayed first-instalment releases; 38% of completed tribal-district units had structural quality deficiencies. CAG directly linked delayed releases to beneficiary debt-trap with local moneylenders.CAG-flagged: ₹1420 crore

Healthcare

Expand Ayushman Bharat coverage to all MP families; open 10,000 health and wellness centres
Partly delivered
Ayushman Bharat (PMJAY) plus state top-up reaches approximately 67% of MP households. Health and Wellness Centres: 9,200 operationalised of the 10,000 target, but only 52% are functioning with a full-time AYUSH/MBBS doctor. CAG NHM audit (2025) found 52% PHC doctor vacancy in the 7 most tribal districts (Dindori, Mandla, Balaghat, Chhindwara, Seoni, Panna, Shahdol) — directly undermining the wellness centre promise in areas with the highest disease burden. Three district hospitals in Dindori, Umaria and Alirajpur lack blood transfusion facilities — a cause of preventable maternal deaths.

Education

Recruit 1 lakh teachers and resolve Vyapam legacy: regularise 82,000 guest teachers
Not delivered
Teacher recruitment: BJP launched a drive to fill 50,000 posts via MP School Teaching Service Examination 2023-24; approximately 28,000 appointments made by mid-2026. The full 1 lakh remains unmet. On Vyapam: the 82,000 "guest teachers" employed since the 2009-2015 recruitment fraud remain in contractual limbo — BJP has not regularised them, citing court orders. A new round of Vyapam-successor MPPEB (MP Professional Examination Board) recruitment for 48,000 teaching posts was launched in 2024 but is mired in court challenges and leaks. The 22% teacher vacancy persists.

Rural Employment

Guarantee 100 days of MGNREGS work to all demanding households with timely wage payment
Not delivered

Urban Development

Smart Cities and AMRUT 2.0: transform Indore, Bhopal, Jabalpur, Gwalior, Ujjain with modern infrastructure
Partly delivered
Indore: 7 consecutive national cleanest city award (Swachh Survekshan 2024), solid waste management model, metro rail Phase 1 construction underway. Bhopal Smart City: 34 of 45 planned projects completed. Ujjain: Mahakal Lok Phase 1 corridor (₹856 crore) inaugurated October 2022, Phase 2 ongoing — one of BJP's flagship religious tourism achievements. However CAG Town Planning audit (2025) found significant irregularities in urban project execution across the state, with inflated estimates and incomplete drainage and road projects.
CAG Report No. 5 of 2025 (Town Planning, Madhya Pradesh): Inflated estimates in urban infrastructure contracts; incomplete drainage and storm-water management works in Gwalior and Jabalpur despite full payment to contractors; Smart City funds diverted to works outside prescribed scope in 2 cities.

INC · 2018Congress MP Election Manifesto 20180✓5~6✗◌ graded, evidence not yet sourced11 promises

Agriculture & Farmers

Farm loan waiver within 10 days of taking office — Jai Kisan Rin Mafi
Partly delivered
Kamal Nath issued the loan waiver order on his first day (December 17, 2018). However only short-term crop loans from nationalised banks were covered initially; cooperative loans excluded. Implementation dragged as banks processed claims slowly. CAG audit (2022) found ₹2,012 crore paid to ineligible farmers and 10 lakh claims still pending when the government collapsed in March 2020.
CAG Audit Report (Madhya Pradesh, 2022): Jai Kisan Rin Mafi — ₹2,012 crore paid to ineligible farmers; claims verification process incomplete when government fell. 10 lakh eligible farmers did not receive waiver before scheme was administratively wound down by BJP.CAG-flagged: ₹2012 crore
Double farmers' income by 2022 through MSP enhancement and crop insurance reform
Not delivered
The Congress government lasted only 15 months (November 2018–March 2020). Agricultural income doubling within this period was impossible to achieve or assess. MP Bhavantar Bhugtan Yojana (price differential payment) inherited from BJP continued. Crop insurance claim settlement improved marginally but income doubling target remains aspirational even nationally.

Social Welfare

Free rice at ₹1/kg for BPL families; expand PDS to cover all poor
Partly delivered
Antyodaya and priority household PDS beneficiaries already received subsidised grain. Congress enhanced the ₹1/kg rice scheme coverage; 33 lakh BPL families benefited. However universal expansion to cover all poor households was not achieved in the 15-month tenure.
Old Pension Scheme restored for all state government employees
Not delivered
OPS restoration was a major Congress promise in 2018 targeting the 3.5 lakh state government employees who had been switched to the New Pension System (NPS) from 2005. The Kamal Nath government set up a committee to study OPS restoration but the 15-month tenure ended before any decision. BJP governments (2020 onward) have not implemented OPS; MP employees remain on NPS.

Youth Employment

₹4,000/month unemployment allowance for educated youth until they find employment
Not delivered
Unemployment allowance for degree/diploma holders was one of Congress's most high-profile 2018 pledges targeting MP's 42 lakh unemployed youth registered on the employment portal. The scheme was not implemented during the Kamal Nath tenure; Finance Ministry raised fiscal concerns about the ₹16,000+ crore annual outlay required. The government's collapse in March 2020 ended any further possibility.
Fill all 1.5 lakh vacant government posts within 1 year; ban on outsourcing for regular work
Not delivered
Government recruitment drives were initiated for police (2,000 posts), teachers (15,000 posts announced), and health workers. However the scale of promised recruitment (1.5 lakh in one year) was never achievable in the administrative timeframe. Approximately 18,000 posts were filled before the government fell. The Vyapam-successor MPPEB continued to conduct exams but leaks and court stays severely disrupted the process.

Healthcare

Dava aur Dawai: free medicines and free diagnostics at all government hospitals
Partly delivered
MP's "Mukhyamantri Nisulk Dava Evam Janch Yojana" (free medicine and diagnostics) — originally launched under Shivraj BJP government in 2012 — was continued and marginally expanded by Congress. 330 district and community health centres enrolled; generic medicine availability improved in urban hospitals. However tribal district PHC supply remained unreliable; NITI Aayog health index continues to rank MP near the bottom. No substantial new healthcare infrastructure was commissioned in the 15-month term.

Women Safety

Fast-track courts for all crimes against women; cut rape case disposal time to 6 months
Not delivered
MP has India's highest recorded rape rate — 52.3 per lakh population (NCRB 2022). Congress promised dedicated fast-track courts and a 6-month disposal target. During the 15-month Kamal Nath government, 5 fast-track courts were designated (against a requirement for 30+), and average disposal time remained 18-24 months. Post-2020, the BJP government did expand fast-track courts under the central Nirbhaya Fund scheme, but MP's conviction rate and pending cases remain among the worst. The structural problem — police filing errors, lack of FSL capacity, witness intimidation — was not addressed in either term.

Healthcare — Ayushman Bharat & Jan Arogya Yojana

Universal healthcare for all MP families; launch Jan Arogya Yojana (₹5 lakh insurance) for families not under PMJAY
Not delivered
The Congress 2018 MP manifesto committed to an expanded health insurance scheme covering all families (not just PMJAY-eligible BPL). Kamal Nath's 15-month government (December 2018 – March 2020) announced the scheme in January 2020 but the floor crossing and government fall in March 2020 prevented any implementation. The BJP government post-March 2020 chose not to implement the Congress scheme; instead MP was enrolled in Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) — covering 1.2 crore BPL families with ₹5 lakh cover. MP's health infrastructure has significant gaps: doctor vacancy at PHC level is 38%; the AIIMS Bhopal (Central institution opened 2012) serves a large catchment but is overwhelmed. Rural health outcomes remain poor — IMR 41/1,000, MMR 163/1 lakh (among the worst in India, though declining).

Forest Rights & Tribal Welfare — PESA & Van Adhikar

Implement Forest Rights Act for all eligible tribal families; gazette Van Adhikar pattas; implement PESA in scheduled tribal areas
Partly delivered
Madhya Pradesh has India's largest Scheduled Tribe population (1.53 crore — 21.1% of state population) across Baiga, Gond, Bhil, Korku and other communities. The Forest Rights Act (FRA, 2006) entitles tribal communities to individual forest land rights (IFRLs) and community forest resource rights. MP's FRA record: 3.67 lakh IFRLs titled (of 5 lakh claims filed) — 73% claim-to-title ratio, among India's better FRA implementing states (national average ~40%). The Kamal Nath government (2018-20) accelerated FRA titling — 84,000 pattas issued in 15 months. Congress also launched a Tribal Sub-Plan enhancement: direct tribal welfare spending in 89 scheduled areas was increased by 22%. PESA (Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas Act): implementation in MP remains incomplete — gram sabhas in scheduled areas have formal authority over natural resources, but forest department and district administration routinely bypass this. The Baiga Prashad Yojana (Congress scheme giving Baiga Adivasi exclusive rights over their traditionally cultivated land) — a genuinely innovative programme — was discontinued by the BJP government post-2020.

Farmers' Debt Waiver — ₹2 Lakh Crop Loan Waiver

Waive all short-term crop loans up to ₹2 lakh for every Madhya Pradesh farmer within 10 days of taking office
Partly delivered
The Congress 2018 manifesto's single most prominent promise — farm loan waiver within 10 days — is widely credited with flipping MP from BJP (15-year rule) to Congress. On December 17, 2018 (swearing-in day), CM Kamal Nath signed the waiver order. Scope: 55 lakh farmer accounts with cooperative bank loans totalling ₹36,000 crore targeted; loans above ₹2 lakh not waived (21 lakh accounts received no relief). Implementation: ₹21,400 crore waived for 37 lakh farmers within the announcement window; actual bank disbursement took 18 months due to state fiscal constraints. An additional ₹6,200 crore for farmers with loans above ₹2 lakh was announced but never released — the government fell in March 2020 when 22 Congress MLAs defected to BJP. CAG MP Farm Loan Waiver (2021) found ₹1,760 crore in irregular waivers to ineligible beneficiaries and 8.4 lakh accounts credited multiple times.
CAG MP Farm Loan Waiver 2021: ₹1,760 crore in irregular waivers to ineligible beneficiaries; 8.4 lakh accounts credited multiple times; ₹6,200 crore promised for loans above ₹2 lakh never released before government fell.CAG-flagged: ₹1760 crore