Odisha

Bhubaneswar · East

Chief Minister

BJP · in office since 2024

Legal Integrity901 case declared

Declared figures from the ECI election affidavit (2024), via MyNeta/ADR — as declared, not verified. Bars are the original publisher's 0–100 mappings (education mapping; legal: 100 − serious×18 − other×10) — theirs, not ours.

Accountability ratings — by the original publisher

These 0–100 ratings are the original publisher's own, quoted here with their methodology. Audit India computes no score — the same way we carry UNDP's HDI as UNDP's number.

Transparency

42/ 100

the original publisher

How the original publisher computed this ▸

4 CAG findings: 2 critical (NHM 48% tribal PHC vacancy with 40% of India's malaria burden; PMAYG coastal cyclone-resistant construction failure) and 2 major (MGNREGS coastal asset loss and JJM fluoride quality risk). Odisha's new BJP government (June 2024) ended 24 years of BJD rule — the audit findings on NHM and JJM reflect structural under-investment in tribal health and water quality that accumulated under Naveen Patnaik's tenure. The incoming BJP government's openness to CAG scrutiny is a transparency positive, but the state's RTI compliance was below average during the BJD era. The unique "cyclone-destroyed assets" finding (82% coastal MGNREGS assets) is a natural governance challenge rather than corruption.

Officials' Legal Integrity

98/ 100

the original publisher

How the original publisher computed this ▸

10 unique officials counted (Governor excluded). CM Mohan Majhi: 0 → 100; Speaker Surama Padhy: 0 → 100; K.V. Singh Deo: 0 → 100; Pravati Parida: 0 → 100; Krushna Chandra Patra: 0 → 100; Suresh Pujari: 1 case/1 serious → 82; Mukesh Mahaling: 0 → 100; Suryabanshi Suraj: 0 → 100; Sampad Chandra Swain: 0 → 100; Niranjan Pujari: 0 → 100. Average: (100+100+100+100+100+82+100+100+100+100) ÷ 10 = 982 ÷ 10 = 98.2, rounded to 98. Odisha's BJP cabinet — assembled in June 2024 after defeating a 24-year Naveen Patnaik administration — has a near-perfect criminal record profile. Mohan Majhi is Odisha's first Scheduled Tribe CM.

Governance

56/ 100

the original publisher

How the original publisher computed this ▸

Composite: indicators avg (51/100) × 50% + Transparency (42/100) × 25% + Integrity (98/100) × 25% = 25.5 + 10.5 + 24.5 = 60.5; adjusted down to 56 to reflect: (1) Odisha's tribal displacement from iron ore and bauxite mining in Sundergarh, Keonjhar and Koraput — India's highest per-capita tribal displacement from mining, with the Niyamgiri and Lanjigarh bauxite/alumina cases representing some of India's most contested development vs. rights conflicts; (2) cyclone governance gap — 82% of coastal MGNREGS assets cyclone-destroyed demonstrates that no state government has solved the problem of designing public works for India's most cyclone-exposed coastline.

Indicators

The 0–100 rings are the original publisher's category scores, in their colour bands — theirs, not ours.

These statistics were carried over from the original publisher, which produced them with a language model rather than compiling them from the publications named beside them. We removed 38 whose figures were absent from the source they credit, and confirmed 45 against theirs. The rest name a publication we have not been able to check them against — read them as the original publisher's figures, not as verified fact.

EconomyGSDP ~₹9 lakh crore; India's steel & iron ore capital; per-capita below national avg despite mineral wealth4 figures

GSDP 2024-25 (advance estimate): ~₹9 lakh crore; Odisha's economy is the classic "resource curse" case — India's wealthiest state in mineral endowment but middle-income in per-capita terms. The state holds 34% of India's iron ore reserves, 24% of coal reserves, 59% of bauxite reserves, and 98% of chromite. Despite this natural wealth, per-capita GSDP of ~₹1.6 lakh is below the national average, as mining royalties accrue to the state exchequer but mineral extraction creates relatively few local jobs (mining is capital-intensive) and generates significant negative externalities (displacement, environmental degradation).; Odisha Economic Survey 2024-25; IBM Indian Minerals Yearbook 2023
Mining sector — iron ore, steel, aluminium: Odisha: 34% of India's iron ore; 59% of bauxite; 5 major steel plants under construction; Odisha has become India's steel manufacturing hub of the 2020s — JSW Paradip (12 MTPA), JSPL Angul (6 MTPA), TATA Steel Kalinganagar (8 MTPA), RINL Lanjigarh, and NALCO Angul represent approximately ₹1.5 lakh crore in steel-aluminium investment. The POSCO project — India's largest foreign FDI commitment ($12 billion) — was ultimately abandoned in 2017 after a decade of land and environmental clearance disputes. Mineral royalties contributed ₹18,000 crore to Odisha's 2023-24 revenue — 25% of own-tax revenue.; Odisha Industries Dept Annual Report 2023-24; IBM Minerals Yearbook 2023; MoSPI Industry data
Odisha's fiscal capacity — the paradox: Revenue surplus state; ₹78,000 Cr own revenue; debt-to-GSDP only 19% (best in east India); Despite mid-range per-capita income, Odisha's fiscal management under Naveen Patnaik was among India's best — maintaining a revenue surplus for 13 consecutive years (2004-2017) and keeping debt-to-GSDP at 19% — the lowest in east India. This fiscal space was used to fund Odisha's flagship schemes (Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana, Mo Ghara housing, Kalia farmer income support). The BJP government inherits a solvent state — unlike Bihar, Bengal or Rajasthan — giving fiscal headroom for new initiatives.; RBI State Finances 2024-25; CAG State Finances Audit OR 2024
Cyclone-related economic losses (2023-24): ~₹3,200 Cr in annual average cyclone-related economic losses; Odisha's 485 km coastline faces 2-3 cyclones per year (including tropical storms and depressions). Severe and very-severe cyclones average once every 2 years. Annual direct economic losses in agriculture, fisheries, housing and infrastructure average ₹3,200 crore. The ODRAF (Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force) and the state's pre-positioning model (evacuating 10-15 lakh people before each major cyclone) have reduced cyclone mortality to near-zero from the 10,000+ deaths in the 1999 super-cyclone, and this preparedness system is internationally recognized. However, the economic losses remain high and cumulative.; Odisha SDMA Annual Report 2023-24; EM-DAT; GFDRR Odisha Cyclone Risk Profile

EducationLiteracy 72.9%; ASER outcomes below national avg; tribal residential schools (Ashram Vidyalayas) serving remote areas4 figures

Literacy rate (Census 2011): 72.9% (male 82.4%, female 64.0%); Odisha's literacy at 72.9% is below the national average (74%), with a significant 18.4-point gender gap. Tribal districts in the KBK region (Kalahandi, Bolangir, Nuapada, Koraput, Malkangiri) have female literacy below 50%. Odisha's BJD government invested significantly in Ashram Vidyalayas (residential schools for tribal children) — 7,400 schools covering 5.5 lakh tribal students, of which 2,800 are Eklavya Model Residential Schools. The literacy gap in tribal districts is narrowing but slowly.; Census of India 2011; OTDS Annual Report 2023-24
ASER 2023 — rural Grade 5 reading: 44.2% of Grade 5 rural children read Grade 2 text; Odisha's rural learning outcome of 44.2% is below the national rural average (49.9%) and significantly below south Indian states. The KBK tribal belt has outcomes near 30-35% — reflecting the challenge of teaching Odia (the medium of instruction) to children whose first language is Gondi, Kandha, Saora or Bonda. Odisha's Mother Tongue Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) programme was an internationally-recognised innovation (teaching in tribal language first, transitioning to Odia) but was discontinued under the BJD government in 2019.; ASER 2023 (Annual Status of Education Report), Pratham; SCERT Odisha
Mining-affected school attendance: Mining-district school attendance 12 percentage points below state average; Children in mining-affected villages (Keonjhar, Sundergarh, Jajpur — the iron ore belt; Kalahandi, Rayagada — the bauxite belt) show 12 percentage-point lower school attendance than the state average. The reasons are multiple: displacement disrupts school enrolment, child labour in ancillary mining activities (ore sorting, truck loading) competes with schooling, and dust and truck traffic near schools create health and safety deterrents. POSCO's and Vedanta's CSR "model schools" in their zones are exceptions that serve less than 5% of the mining-belt child population.; UDISE+ Odisha Mining District Analysis 2022-23; UNICEF Odisha Children in Mines Report 2023
Higher education — IIT Bhubaneswar, OUAT, NISER, AIIMS Bhubaneswar: IIT Bhubaneswar (2008); NISER (National Institute of Science Education and Research — deemed university); OUAT; AIIMS Bhubaneswar (2012); Odisha's higher education landscape has improved significantly with Central investment: IIT Bhubaneswar (permanent campus from 2022), NISER (a premier science research institution comparable to IISc, hosted in Jatni near Bhubaneswar — ranked among India's top 10 science institutions), AIIMS Bhubaneswar (Class of 2012, 100 MBBS seats), and OUAT (Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology — critical for the state's agricultural extension work). Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT, Bhubaneswar — a private deemed university with 30,000 students, known for tribal student scholarships through KISS — Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences, the world's largest residential free school for tribal children). However, ASER 2023 shows only 43% of Odisha's Grade 5 rural children can read a Grade 2 text — indicating quality lags behind access.; NIRF Rankings 2024; ASER 2023 Odisha Report; KISS Annual Report 2023-24

EmploymentMining + steel: capital-intensive, few local jobs; 80% tribal workforce in forest/agriculture; MGNREGS 24.2%4 figures

Unemployment rate (PLFS 2023-24): 4.8%; Odisha's unemployment rate of 4.8% is above the national average — particularly driven by youth unemployment in tribal and rural areas. Despite ₹1.5 lakh crore in steel-aluminium investment in the last decade, mining and metals are capital-intensive sectors that directly employ only ~2.5 lakh formal workers in all of Odisha — less than 1% of the workforce. The resource extraction windfall does not trickle down in employment terms, explaining the paradox of mineral wealth and below-average per-capita income.; PLFS 2023-24, MoSPI; CMIE CPHS Odisha data
MGNREGS employment (CAG, 2025): 24.2% of households received 100-day guarantee; Odisha's MGNREGS is above the national average (typically ~14-18%) but still leaves 75.8% of demanding households without their full statutory entitlement. The KBK region (historically India's poorest belt — Kalahandi, Bolangir, Koraput) is most dependent on MGNREGS during the April-June lean agricultural season. The CAG's finding that 82% of coastal assets were cyclone-damaged is the most significant; it means MGNREGS in Odisha's coastal belt effectively creates temporary income (wages are paid) but no lasting asset — a fundamental design failure that requires cyclone-resilient engineering standards.; CAG Report No. 03 of 2025 — MGNREGS Odisha
Forest economy — NTFP, kendu patta: ~35 lakh tribal workers dependent on NTFP; kendu patta monopoly earns ₹1,800 Cr/year; Odisha's forest produce economy is one of India's largest. The Odisha government holds a state monopoly on kendu patta (bidi leaf) collection — the only such monopoly in India — which employs 8 lakh collectors and earns the state ₹1,800 crore annually, of which 75% is returned to collectors as bonus. Sal seed, tamarind, mahua, bamboo and medicinal plants collectively support 35 lakh tribal workers. The Forest Rights Act titling in Odisha is better than the national average — 5.3 lakh individual titles granted — but community forest rights (CFR) titles are lagging at 48% of applications processed.; Odisha Forest Development Corporation 2023-24; TRIFED NTFP Report 2024; MoTA FRA Progress Report 2024
BOCW workers and construction sector — 35 lakh registered, 11 lakh cess-funded: 35 lakh BOCW workers registered (Odisha); ₹3,200 Cr cess collected; only 11 lakh accessing welfare — CAG; Odisha's Building and Other Construction Workers (BOCW) welfare fund — fed by a 1% cess on construction projects — has ₹3,200 crore collected (2024) but only 11 of 35 lakh registered workers actively accessing benefits (medical, accident compensation, education scholarship for children). CAG's 2025 audit found that 69% of cess funds sit unspent — ₹2,200 crore — while construction workers (many from KBK — Kalahandi-Bolangir-Koraput — the poorest belt) die in accidents without compensation. Odisha's steel, port and road construction boom (Odisha accounts for 40% of India's iron ore, driving massive construction) makes BOCW welfare a pressing governance issue.; CAG BOCW Odisha 2025; Odisha Building & Other Construction Workers Welfare Board Annual Report 2023-24

HealthIMR 35 — above national avg; 40% of India's malaria burden; sickle cell crisis in tribal communities4 figures

Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2022): 35 per 1,000 live births; Odisha's IMR of 35 is significantly above the national average of 27 — comparable to MP and above Rajasthan. The tribal interior (Malkangiri, Nabarangpur, Koraput) has estimated district-level IMRs of 50-60 per 1,000, driven by malaria, sickle cell anaemia, and the complete absence of emergency newborn care in many blocks (confirmed by CAG NHM audit — 3 district hospitals without blood banks).; SRS Bulletin 2022, Registrar General; NFHS-5 Odisha Factsheet
Malaria — 40% of India's total burden: 3.8 lakh confirmed cases 2023-24; Koraput, Malkangiri, Kandhamal worst; Odisha carries approximately 40% of India's total malaria burden despite being 1.4% of India's area — the highest concentration of malaria in India. The primary driver is the tribal forest interior with high Anopheles darlingi and A. fluviatilis mosquito populations, poor housing (traditional leaf-thatched homes with no screens), and limited Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) availability. P. falciparum (the dangerous malaria strain) accounts for 62% of Odisha's cases. Annual malaria deaths in Odisha are consistently 60-80 nationally. The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme has reduced cases from 10 lakh (2000) to 3.8 lakh (2023), but the last-mile tribal reduction is proving intractable.; NVBDCP Annual Report 2023-24; CAG Report No. 02 of 2025 — NHM Odisha
Child stunting (NFHS-5): 34.4% — near national average; Odisha's stunting at 34.4% is near but below the national average (35.5%). This is a significant improvement from 34.1% (NFHS-4) and reflects the Naveen Patnaik government's investment in ICDS, the Mamata maternity benefit scheme, and targeted nutrition interventions in the KBK region. The KBK tribal districts still record stunting above 40%, but the state average has improved more than its peer states in the same period.; NFHS-5 (2019-21) Odisha State Factsheet, MoHFW / IIPS
Sickle cell anaemia — tribal communities: ~8 lakh carriers; 1 in 10 in Kandha and Gond communities; Odisha has India's 2nd largest sickle cell disease burden (after MP). The Kandha, Gond, Saora and Bhuiya tribal communities have carrier frequencies of 5-12%. The state's sickle cell screening programme — launched before the national NSCAEM — has screened approximately 38% of at-risk tribal communities as of 2024 (per CAG). Treatment access remains limited: hydroxyurea (the primary disease-modifying therapy) is available in only district hospitals, requiring tribal patients to travel 100+ km from their villages for regular prescription renewal.; CAG Report No. 02 of 2025 — NHM Odisha; ICMR Sickle Cell Survey 2022; NHM OR Annual Report

SafetyLow crime rate; cyclone preparedness globally recognised; Maoist presence in tribal interior; sand mining mafia violence4 figures

Total IPC cognizable crimes per lakh (NCRB 2022): ~155 per lakh — below national average; Odisha's crime rate of ~155 per lakh is below the national average (~169) and among the lower rates for east Indian states. The BJD government's relatively stable law-and-order record over 24 years — with genuine improvements in women's safety under the Mission Shakti scheme (₹10,000 crore invested in SHG-linked women's support systems) — has contributed to a relatively lower crime baseline. However, crimes against women at 69 per lakh (NCRB 2022) are above the national average, concentrated in mining-district areas.; NCRB Crime in India 2022; Odisha Police Annual Report 2022
Cyclone preparedness and evacuation: Zero civilian deaths in Cyclone Amphan (2020), Yaas (2021), and Asani (2022) due to ODRAF model; Odisha's cyclone preparedness system is globally recognised as India's best practice. ODRAF (Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force) pre-positions 15 teams and 200 NDRF personnel 48 hours before cyclone landfall. The Multi-Hazard Cyclone Shelter Programme has built 880 community shelters along the coast, each housing 1,500 people. The 2019 Cyclone Fani evacuation — 12 lakh people in 48 hours — achieved near-zero deaths against a Category 5 storm. UN-OCHA cited Odisha's model as the global benchmark for cyclone evacuation management. The underlying challenge: economic asset protection (houses, boats, crops) remains inadequate even when lives are saved.; OSDMA Annual Report 2023-24; UNDP Odisha Cyclone Preparedness Case Study 2023
Maoist (Naxal) presence — southern tribal districts: Malkangiri, Nabarangpur, Kandhamal, Nuapada: Active LWE zones; 42 incidents 2023; Odisha's southern tribal interior remains in India's "Red Corridor" — Left Wing Extremist (LWE/Naxal) activity was documented in 4 districts with 42 incidents in 2023. The Malkangiri "cut-off area" — a river island peninsula created by the Balimela reservoir that was physically inaccessible without boat — was for 20 years effectively administered by the CPI(Maoist) before road construction improved state reach. Declining Naxal activity since 2018 (from 152 incidents in 2018 to 42 in 2023) reflects security operations, road connectivity and development convergence under the Aspirational Districts Programme.; MHA Annual Report 2023-24; CRPF LWE Status Report 2024
Cyclone mortality and NDRF response — Odisha's zero-casualty model: Cyclone Phailin 2013: 45 deaths (9.1 million evacuated); Cyclone Fani 2019: 89 deaths (1.2 million evacuated) — both near-zero given intensity; Odisha's transformation from India's cyclone-death capital (the 1999 Super Cyclone killed 10,000+ people) to a near-zero-casualty model is one of India's greatest governance success stories. Cyclone Fani (Category 4 — equivalent landfall intensity) in May 2019 killed only 89 people while evacuating 1.2 million in 48 hours — an evacuation speed unmatched anywhere globally for a storm of that size. The ODRAF (Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force — state's own 900-person disaster unit), the 879 Multipurpose Cyclone Shelters (each holding 1,000+ people), and real-time SMS warning systems (reaching 2.6 crore mobile users) are the infrastructure behind this achievement. The UN awarded Odisha's disaster management framework its Sasakawa Award for Disaster Risk Reduction.; UN Sasakawa Award Citation Odisha 2019; OSDMA Cyclone Fani After-Action Report 2019; IMD Cyclone Track Data

Environment33% forest cover — 3rd in India; Simlipal and Bhitarkanika; but mining deforestation accelerating4 figures

Forest cover (ISFR 2023): 51,619 sq km — 33.15% of state area — 3rd highest percentage in India; Odisha's forest cover of 33.15% is India's 3rd highest by percentage among large states (after Chhattisgarh 41.2% and Jharkhand 33.5%). Simlipal Tiger Reserve (2,750 sq km in Mayurbhanj — India's 2nd largest) is the primary biodiversity anchor. Bhitarkanika National Park (Kendrapara) is India's 2nd largest mangrove ecosystem and the primary Saltwater Crocodile habitat. However, Odisha lost 304 sq km of forest between 2017-2023 (ISFR) — primarily in the iron ore belt (Keonjhar, Sundergarh) and coal mining corridor (Angul, Jharsuguda). At this rate, the 33% figure will fall to 31% by 2030.; ISFR 2023, Forest Survey of India; NTCA Simlipal Tiger Reserve Status 2022
Mining deforestation and tribal displacement: 148 sq km forest diverted for mining 2010-2023; 2.8 lakh people displaced since 1990; Odisha's mining expansion has come at enormous ecological and social cost. The Niyamgiri bauxite case — where Vedanta/Sterlite proposed to mine 660,000 tonnes of bauxite from sacred Niyamgiri hills in Rayagada (home of the Dongria Kondh tribe) — became India's landmark indigenous rights case. In 2013, gram sabhas of 12 Dongria Kondh villages unanimously rejected the project under the Forest Rights Act, and the Supreme Court upheld their right. The Niyamgiri verdict is globally cited as a model of Free, Prior and Informed Consent for indigenous communities. Despite this precedent, mining continues to displace communities in Koraput and Keonjhar.; MoEFCC Forest Diversion Statistics 2023; SC order in Vedanta v. Union of India (2013); OXFAM Niyamgiri Update
Bhitarkanika mangroves and Gahirmatha sea turtle: Bhitarkanika: 672 sq km mangroves; Gahirmatha: world's largest Olive Ridley nesting ground (3-6 lakh turtles/year); Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary (off Kendrapara coast) is the world's largest mass nesting ground for the Olive Ridley sea turtle — 3-6 lakh females emerge each year in the "arribada" mass nesting phenomenon. This is one of India's greatest wildlife spectacles. Bhitarkanika's mangroves and Coringa's mangroves (in AP) form India's most ecologically significant mangrove complex. Both face threats from: cyclone damage, Mahanadi delta sediment diversion (dams upstream reduce silt input), and shrimp-pond encroachment near Coringa. The Saltwater Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) population in Bhitarkanika — approximately 1,700 individuals — is India's only viable breeding population.; NMFS Olive Ridley Nesting Census 2024; WII Bhitarkanika Crocodile Survey 2023; ZSI Mangrove Assessment
Mahanadi-Brahmani river pollution from steel and aluminium industry: Angul-Talcher industrial belt: 18 major polluting units on Mahanadi; CPCB Severely Polluted Area designation; 40% water samples fail standards; The Angul-Talcher industrial corridor — hosting NALCO (National Aluminium Company), MCL (Mahanadi Coalfields Limited, India's largest coal producer), NTPC Talcher (3,000 MW), and 6 steel plants — generates heavy metal, fly ash and effluent discharge into the Mahanadi and its tributaries. The CPCB designated Angul-Talcher as a 'Severely Polluted Area' — one of only 43 in India. CPCB water quality monitoring (2023-24) found 40% of sampling points on the Mahanadi in Angul district failing standards for iron, manganese and total dissolved solids. The Hirakud reservoir (India's longest earthen dam) — downstream of the industrial belt — shows progressive eutrophication from agricultural and industrial runoff.; CPCB Severely Polluted Areas List 2023; SPCB Odisha River Water Quality Report 2023-24; CAG Mining Environment Odisha 2025

Office-holders

Figures below are as declared by each individual in their own ECI or Rajya Sabha affidavit. We report them; we do not score them. The small bars under education are the original publisher's 0–100 mapping of the declared qualification — their construct, not a measurement of ours.

Name	Office	Party · since	Declared cases	Declared qualification	Affidavit
MCMohan Charan Majhi	Chief Minister	BJP· 2024	1	Graduate Professional	2024
RDRaghubar Das	Governor	—	—	—	—
SPSurama Padhy	Speaker, Odisha Legislative Assembly	BJP· 2024	8	Post Graduate	2024
KSK.V. Singh Deo	Deputy Chief Minister & Minister for Energy, Agriculture & Farmers' Empowerment	BJP· 2024	—	—	—
PPPravati Parida	Deputy Chief Minister & Minister for Women & Child Development, Mission Shakti, Tourism	BJP· 2024	9	Post Graduate	2024
KCKrushna Chandra Patra	Minister for Food Supplies & Consumer Welfare, Science & Technology	BJP· 2024	3	Post Graduate	2024
SPSuresh Pujari	Minister for Revenue & Disaster Management	BJP· 2024	2	Post Graduate	2024
MMMukesh Mahaling	Minister for Health & Family Welfare, Parliamentary Affairs	BJP· 2024	1	Doctorate	2024
SSSuryabanshi Suraj	Minister for Higher Education, Sports & Youth Services	BJP· 2024	—	—	—
SCSampad Chandra Swain	Minister for Industries, Skill Development & Technical Education	BJP· 2024	3	Post Graduate	2024

Election promises

The promises and their delivery status come from the original publisher and are their assessment, not ours. They cite a party's homepage rather than a manifesto, so what was promised cannot be checked from the citation given. Audit India has verified neither the wording nor the status.

Where a CAG finding is quoted below, its figures have been checked against the report cited. Thirty-seven were withdrawn because the report they named does not exist or is a search page.

BJP · 2024BJP Odisha Manifesto 20240✓3~0✗◌ graded, evidence not yet sourced3 promises

Infrastructure & Development

Open all four gates of Shri Jagannath Mandir for devotees, restore the auditing of the Ratna Bhandar inventory, and ensure those affected by the Puri Parikrama project are fairly compensated and re-established.
Partly delivered
Jagannath Corridor (Shri Mandir Parikrama Project) Phase 1 — Puri Heritage Corridor — opened January 2024 under BJD (₹3,200 crore). BJP's Phase 2 covers beach development, Puri town beautification and improved pilgrim facilities. DPR for Phase 2 approved; construction tender awarded. Completion expected 2026-27.

Mining & Mineral Revenue

Ensure the District Mineral Fund (DMF) is spent in a time-bound and transparent manner, and investigate and prosecute illegal mining in the state.
Partly delivered
Odisha has India's largest iron ore and bauxite reserves; OMBADC (Odisha Mineral Bearing Areas Development Corporation) manages the District Mineral Foundation (DMF) funds. BJP promised better governance of these funds after CAG found major irregularities in their use under BJD. As of mid-2026, BJP has revised DMF project approval norms and directed more funds to drinking water, road connectivity and health in mining districts. However CAG's 2024 audit found systemic under-utilisation of DMF funds persisting.
CAG Report No. 11 of 2024 (OMBADC, Odisha): Significant under-utilisation of District Mineral Foundation funds meant for mining-affected communities — ₹4,200 crore lying unspent across 30 DMF trusts; project approval delays averaging 2+ years; beneficiary identification gaps excluding most-affected tribal villages; 42% of approved projects behind schedule.CAG-flagged: ₹4200 crore

Industry — Steel, Aluminium & Investment Summits

Bring in domestic investment of over ₹2.5 lakh crore and foreign direct investment of over $2 billion to the state by 2029, and set up a Mega Food Park in each Utkarsha Utkal zone.
Partly delivered
Odisha is India's dominant mineral-industrial state — producing 52% of national iron ore, 39% of bauxite and hosting major steel (Tata Steel Kalinganagar, JSPL Angul, RINL Rourkela) and aluminium (NALCO, Vedanta Jharsuguda) capacity. BJP's Utkarsh Odisha Investment Summit (January 2025, Bhubaneswar): 4,576 MoUs signed totalling ₹16.7 lakh crore (including Tata Gigafactory for EV batteries at Dhenkanal, JSW Steel expansion, HPCL refinery at Paradip Phase 2). Actualised investment by mid-2026: ~₹80,000 crore — 5% of MoU value, reflecting early-stage nature of most commitments. Angul as an integrated steel hub (JSPL + NTPC Talcher + NLC thermal + proposed POSCO successor): being developed. Paradip Port throughput: 145 MT (2024-25) — record, driven by coal, iron ore and fertiliser. BJP's industrial push benefits from Odisha's pre-existing IDCO (Industrial Development Corporation) clearance system inherited from BJD.

BJD · 2019BJD Odisha Election Manifesto 20196✓6~1✗◌ graded, evidence not yet sourced13 promises

Agriculture & Farmers

KALIA Scheme: ₹25,000/year support to small/marginal farmers and ₹12,500 to landless labourers
Partly delivered
KALIA (Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and Income Augmentation): 43 lakh farmers enrolled for input support. However the ₹25,000/year figure was the combined 5-season target over 5 years (₹5,000/season); actual per-season payment was ₹4,000 in many cases. Landless labourer component (₹12,500) reached ~25 lakh households — but 18 lakh eligible households missed due to exclusion errors per CAG 2022 audit.
CAG Performance Audit (Odisha, 2022): KALIA Scheme — 18 lakh eligible beneficiaries excluded due to database errors; ₹238 crore paid to ineligible beneficiaries; inclusion of non-farmers in farmer category.CAG-flagged: ₹238 crore

Healthcare

Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana: ₹5 lakh health cover (₹10 lakh for women) for all families
Delivered
BSKY: ₹5 lakh/family at empanelled hospitals; enhanced to ₹10 lakh for female members. 96 lakh families enrolled. 2,200+ empanelled hospitals including private. One of Odisha's most lauded welfare achievements — covers conditions not included in PM-JAY. Delivery consistent throughout 2019-24 BJD term.

Governance & Social

Mo Sarkar: citizen feedback on every government service interaction
Delivered
Mo Sarkar ("My Government"): launched November 2019. Chief Minister's office calls random citizens who received a government service (hospital, revenue office, police station) to get feedback within 48 hours. Officials rated below threshold face action. 1 crore feedback calls by 2023. Unique accountability model; internationally recognised. Improved official responsiveness measurably.
Pucca housing for all homeless Odisha families under Biju Pucca Ghar
Partly delivered
Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana: 22 lakh houses constructed through 2019-24 (combined PMAY-G and state component). GoO claims all homeless families covered but third-party surveys show ~3 lakh households still in katcha/kutcha structures in remote tribal districts (Koraput, Malkangiri, Nabarangpur). Cyclone damage repeatedly creates new housing needs.
Mission Shakti: transform 70 lakh women SHG members into economic force with livelihood support
Delivered
Mission Shakti — Odisha's pioneering women self-help group programme — expanded under BJD to cover 70 lakh women in 6.5 lakh SHGs across all 30 districts. Activities span micro-enterprise, collective farming, food processing and retail. Mission Shakti Bazaars in 314 blocks. Women's political participation linked to SHG membership rose notably. Naveen Patnaik's MVPs included women candidates recommended by Mission Shakti networks — 33% women in BJD legislature.

Nutrition & Child Welfare

Eliminate child malnutrition in tribal districts; achieve zero stunting by 2024 in 10 priority districts
Not delivered
Odisha has India's highest child stunting rate in its tribal districts — Koraput, Malkangiri and Rayagada average 55-60% stunting (NFHS-5). BJD's POSHAN Abhiyan and Anganwadi reinforcement reached 2.86 lakh children through supplementary nutrition. However CAG's POSHAN audit (2023) found systemic gaps: only 48% of beneficiaries received the mandated nutrition doses, Anganwadi worker vacancy at 18%, and ration quality not meeting ICDS norms in 38% of sampled centres. Zero stunting target was never operationally defined or tracked.
CAG Audit Report No. 9 of 2023 (POSHAN Abhiyan, Odisha): Only 48% of target beneficiaries received mandated supplementary nutrition doses; Anganwadi worker vacancy 18% state-wide, rising to 31% in 5 most-tribal districts; ration quality below ICDS norms in 38% of sampled centres; cold-chain failures for growth monitoring equipment in 44% of sampled blocks; child stunting rate in Koraput and Malkangiri unchanged at 57-62% despite 5 years of programme spending.

Mining & Mineral Revenue

Channel mining royalties to mineral-affected communities through District Mineral Foundation
Partly delivered
BJD established the OMBADC and District Mineral Foundation (DMF) framework to direct mining royalties to affected communities — one of India's most innovative mineral-revenue redistribution mechanisms. By 2023, ₹18,000+ crore accumulated in DMF trusts. However utilisation rates were persistently low — only 52% of accumulated funds spent across all DMFs. Major mining audits found revenue leakages and unauthorised mining. CAG Major Mining audit (2022) found ₹1,840 crore in underpaid royalties and illegal extraction.
CAG Performance Audit on Major Minerals (Odisha, 2022): ₹1,840 crore in underpaid royalties and penalties across 48 mining leases; illegal extraction beyond lease boundaries in 22 sampled leases; environmental clearance violations; forest land encroachment for mining not penalised; DMF fund utilisation at 52% — ₹8,600 crore unspent despite urgent tribal development needs.CAG-flagged: ₹1840 crore

Social Welfare & Pensions

Madhu Babu Pension: ₹500/month to all poor elderly, widows and disabled — no exclusions
Partly delivered
Madhu Babu Pension Yojana (MBPY): ₹500/month (enhanced to ₹700 by 2022) to elderly 60+, widows and disabled. 57 lakh beneficiaries enrolled. CAG DBT Consolidated Audit (2023) found ₹186 crore paid to ineligible/deceased beneficiaries; 8 lakh eligible poor excluded due to Aadhaar-seeding and BPL list discrepancies. BJD promised "no exclusions" but the exclusion problem persisted throughout the term due to data quality issues.
CAG DBT Consolidated Audit (Odisha, 2023): Madhu Babu Pension — ₹186 crore to ineligible or deceased beneficiaries; 8 lakh eligible elderly/widows/disabled excluded due to Aadhaar-BPL data mismatch; pension payment delayed beyond 10th of month for 22% of beneficiaries in 6 sampled districts.CAG-flagged: ₹186 crore

Higher Education — Central University & IIT Bhubaneswar

Develop IIT Bhubaneswar and Central University of Odisha into world-class institutions; double scholarship access for poor students
Partly delivered
Odisha's higher education landscape improved substantially under BJD. IIT Bhubaneswar (established 2008, permanent campus at Argul since 2018): NIRF ranked 51st (2024), with strong engineering and research programmes. NIT Rourkela: NIRF 17th. AIIMS Bhubaneswar (operational 2012): India's first AIIMS outside original 6; MBBS intake expanded from 100 to 150 seats. The BJD government secured Central funding for a Sambalpur IIM (2022) — announced but not operationally functional by 2024. Scholarship programme: Odisha's Scholarship Management System (OsKAR) provides merit and means-based scholarships to 18 lakh students — including the PRERANA scheme for tribal and Dalit meritorious students (₹40,000-60,000/year for professional colleges). The "double scholarship" promise was partially achieved: from 9 lakh beneficiaries (2019) to 18 lakh (2024), but per-scholarship amounts were not doubled.

Marine Fisheries & Blue Economy

Double fishers' income through deep-sea fishing fleet; develop Paradeep and Gopalpur fishing harbours
Partly delivered
Odisha's coastline (485 km) supports 4.7 lakh marine fishers in 3,200 fishing villages. The state is Indias 6th largest marine fish producer (3.2 lakh tonnes/year). BJD government achievements in the 2019-24 term: (1) BALARAM scheme: ₹50,000 interest-free loan to 28,000 fishing families for boat/net upgrades; (2) Gopalpur Fishing Harbour: ₹380 crore all-weather harbour, commissioned 2022 — handling 1,800 boats. (3) BALRAM fish price stabilisation fund: GoO guarantees minimum fish prices — activated during 2020-21 COVID market collapse, saving ₹280 crore in fisher income. (4) Deep-sea vessels: 22 deep-sea trawlers procured for SHG fisher groups — operated on hire-purchase from Fisheries Corporation. Bhitarkanika Mangrove (India's 2nd largest mangrove, Odisha) conservation: 142 sq km declared Ramsar Wetland — fishing community livelihood affected by no-go zones; BJD negotiated seasonal access rights. Income doubling: not achieved — average fishers' income rose 38% (2019-24), far below "double".

KALIA — Farmer Investment Support & Rural Livelihoods

Launch KALIA: ₹10,000/year to all farmers; ₹12,500 to landless agricultural labourers; zero-interest crop loans
Delivered
KALIA (Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and Income Augmentation) — launched December 2018, before the May 2019 election — is Odisha's farm investment support scheme and a forerunner of PM-KISAN. KALIA provides: (1) ₹5,000/season (₹10,000/year) to all small/marginal farmers; (2) ₹12,500/year to landless agricultural labourers for goat rearing, fishpond, mushroom cultivation (KALIA 2.0 from 2019); (3) life insurance (₹2 lakh) and accident insurance (₹2 lakh) for beneficiaries; (4) zero-interest crop loans. Scale: 51.74 lakh beneficiaries across Odisha. Total disbursement by 2024: ₹23,100 crore. Unlike Rythu Bandhu, KALIA explicitly includes landless labourers — addressing the key political critique of excluding the poorest. PM-KISAN (launched February 2019, 10 days after KALIA) borrowed heavily from KALIA's architecture. CAG Odisha 2022 found 2.2 lakh ineligible beneficiaries (government employees, IT payees) receiving ₹144 crore; BJD removed 1.9 lakh post-audit.

Biju Swasthya Kalyana — Universal Health Insurance

Extend BSK health insurance to all ration card holders; ₹5 lakh/year per family (₹10 lakh for women members)
Delivered
Biju Swasthya Kalyana (BSK) — Odisha's state health insurance scheme, launched 2018 — provides cashless hospitalisation to all NFSA and SFSS ration card holders: ₹5 lakh/year per family and an additional ₹5 lakh specifically for women members (₹10 lakh total for women — India's highest women-specific health cover among states). Scale: 3.5 crore beneficiaries (96% of Odisha's population), covering 1,14,000+ procedures at 213 empanelled hospitals. Annual outlay: ₹2,600 crore. Odisha initially declined Ayushman Bharat (2018) as inferior — rejoined PM-JAY integration in 2022 retaining BSK's higher coverage limits. Impact: catastrophic health expenditure among rural households fell from 42% to 28% (2022, NSSO). CAG Odisha Health 2023 found ₹412 crore in inflated BSK claims from 38 private hospitals; 12 hospitals blacklisted; ₹98 crore recovered.

Women's Empowerment — Mission Shakti & SHG Movement

Expand Mission Shakti to 70 lakh women in SHGs; ₹1 lakh revolving fund per group; MAMATA maternity benefit ₹5,000
Delivered
Mission Shakti — Odisha's SHG federation programme founded 2001 — by 2019-24 encompassed 70 lakh women in 6.5 lakh SHGs across all 314 blocks. BJD 2019 manifesto commitments: (1) ₹1 lakh revolving fund per SHG from NABARD — 3.8 lakh SHGs received ₹1-2 lakh capital; (2) Ama Gruha component — 35,000 Mission Shakti groups received PMAY-G housing; (3) MAMATA scheme (Odisha's maternity benefit, predating PM Matru Vandana Yojana): ₹5,000 in three instalments to pregnant BPL women — 28 lakh beneficiaries. Mission Shakti's collective bank credit: ₹52,000 crore (2023). Odisha's model influenced the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM). Women's political participation grew alongside: 52% of rural ward members in Odisha panchayats are women (2022). Programme won PM's Award for Excellence in Public Administration (2023).

Audit record

No CAG reports for this state in our library yet.

Accountability ratings — by the original publisher

These 0–100 ratings are the original publisher's own, quoted here with their methodology. Audit India computes no score — the same way we carry UNDP's HDI as UNDP's number.

Transparency

42/ 100

the original publisher

How the original publisher computed this ▸

Officials' Legal Integrity

98/ 100

the original publisher

How the original publisher computed this ▸

Governance

56/ 100

the original publisher

How the original publisher computed this ▸

Indicators

The 0–100 rings are the original publisher's category scores, in their colour bands — theirs, not ours.

EconomyGSDP ~₹9 lakh crore; India's steel & iron ore capital; per-capita below national avg despite mineral wealth4 figures

GSDP 2024-25 (advance estimate): ~₹9 lakh crore; Odisha's economy is the classic "resource curse" case — India's wealthiest state in mineral endowment but middle-income in per-capita terms. The state holds 34% of India's iron ore reserves, 24% of coal reserves, 59% of bauxite reserves, and 98% of chromite. Despite this natural wealth, per-capita GSDP of ~₹1.6 lakh is below the national average, as mining royalties accrue to the state exchequer but mineral extraction creates relatively few local jobs (mining is capital-intensive) and generates significant negative externalities (displacement, environmental degradation).; Odisha Economic Survey 2024-25; IBM Indian Minerals Yearbook 2023
Mining sector — iron ore, steel, aluminium: Odisha: 34% of India's iron ore; 59% of bauxite; 5 major steel plants under construction; Odisha has become India's steel manufacturing hub of the 2020s — JSW Paradip (12 MTPA), JSPL Angul (6 MTPA), TATA Steel Kalinganagar (8 MTPA), RINL Lanjigarh, and NALCO Angul represent approximately ₹1.5 lakh crore in steel-aluminium investment. The POSCO project — India's largest foreign FDI commitment ($12 billion) — was ultimately abandoned in 2017 after a decade of land and environmental clearance disputes. Mineral royalties contributed ₹18,000 crore to Odisha's 2023-24 revenue — 25% of own-tax revenue.; Odisha Industries Dept Annual Report 2023-24; IBM Minerals Yearbook 2023; MoSPI Industry data
Odisha's fiscal capacity — the paradox: Revenue surplus state; ₹78,000 Cr own revenue; debt-to-GSDP only 19% (best in east India); Despite mid-range per-capita income, Odisha's fiscal management under Naveen Patnaik was among India's best — maintaining a revenue surplus for 13 consecutive years (2004-2017) and keeping debt-to-GSDP at 19% — the lowest in east India. This fiscal space was used to fund Odisha's flagship schemes (Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana, Mo Ghara housing, Kalia farmer income support). The BJP government inherits a solvent state — unlike Bihar, Bengal or Rajasthan — giving fiscal headroom for new initiatives.; RBI State Finances 2024-25; CAG State Finances Audit OR 2024
Cyclone-related economic losses (2023-24): ~₹3,200 Cr in annual average cyclone-related economic losses; Odisha's 485 km coastline faces 2-3 cyclones per year (including tropical storms and depressions). Severe and very-severe cyclones average once every 2 years. Annual direct economic losses in agriculture, fisheries, housing and infrastructure average ₹3,200 crore. The ODRAF (Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force) and the state's pre-positioning model (evacuating 10-15 lakh people before each major cyclone) have reduced cyclone mortality to near-zero from the 10,000+ deaths in the 1999 super-cyclone, and this preparedness system is internationally recognized. However, the economic losses remain high and cumulative.; Odisha SDMA Annual Report 2023-24; EM-DAT; GFDRR Odisha Cyclone Risk Profile

EducationLiteracy 72.9%; ASER outcomes below national avg; tribal residential schools (Ashram Vidyalayas) serving remote areas4 figures

Literacy rate (Census 2011): 72.9% (male 82.4%, female 64.0%); Odisha's literacy at 72.9% is below the national average (74%), with a significant 18.4-point gender gap. Tribal districts in the KBK region (Kalahandi, Bolangir, Nuapada, Koraput, Malkangiri) have female literacy below 50%. Odisha's BJD government invested significantly in Ashram Vidyalayas (residential schools for tribal children) — 7,400 schools covering 5.5 lakh tribal students, of which 2,800 are Eklavya Model Residential Schools. The literacy gap in tribal districts is narrowing but slowly.; Census of India 2011; OTDS Annual Report 2023-24
ASER 2023 — rural Grade 5 reading: 44.2% of Grade 5 rural children read Grade 2 text; Odisha's rural learning outcome of 44.2% is below the national rural average (49.9%) and significantly below south Indian states. The KBK tribal belt has outcomes near 30-35% — reflecting the challenge of teaching Odia (the medium of instruction) to children whose first language is Gondi, Kandha, Saora or Bonda. Odisha's Mother Tongue Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) programme was an internationally-recognised innovation (teaching in tribal language first, transitioning to Odia) but was discontinued under the BJD government in 2019.; ASER 2023 (Annual Status of Education Report), Pratham; SCERT Odisha
Mining-affected school attendance: Mining-district school attendance 12 percentage points below state average; Children in mining-affected villages (Keonjhar, Sundergarh, Jajpur — the iron ore belt; Kalahandi, Rayagada — the bauxite belt) show 12 percentage-point lower school attendance than the state average. The reasons are multiple: displacement disrupts school enrolment, child labour in ancillary mining activities (ore sorting, truck loading) competes with schooling, and dust and truck traffic near schools create health and safety deterrents. POSCO's and Vedanta's CSR "model schools" in their zones are exceptions that serve less than 5% of the mining-belt child population.; UDISE+ Odisha Mining District Analysis 2022-23; UNICEF Odisha Children in Mines Report 2023
Higher education — IIT Bhubaneswar, OUAT, NISER, AIIMS Bhubaneswar: IIT Bhubaneswar (2008); NISER (National Institute of Science Education and Research — deemed university); OUAT; AIIMS Bhubaneswar (2012); Odisha's higher education landscape has improved significantly with Central investment: IIT Bhubaneswar (permanent campus from 2022), NISER (a premier science research institution comparable to IISc, hosted in Jatni near Bhubaneswar — ranked among India's top 10 science institutions), AIIMS Bhubaneswar (Class of 2012, 100 MBBS seats), and OUAT (Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology — critical for the state's agricultural extension work). Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT, Bhubaneswar — a private deemed university with 30,000 students, known for tribal student scholarships through KISS — Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences, the world's largest residential free school for tribal children). However, ASER 2023 shows only 43% of Odisha's Grade 5 rural children can read a Grade 2 text — indicating quality lags behind access.; NIRF Rankings 2024; ASER 2023 Odisha Report; KISS Annual Report 2023-24

EmploymentMining + steel: capital-intensive, few local jobs; 80% tribal workforce in forest/agriculture; MGNREGS 24.2%4 figures

Unemployment rate (PLFS 2023-24): 4.8%; Odisha's unemployment rate of 4.8% is above the national average — particularly driven by youth unemployment in tribal and rural areas. Despite ₹1.5 lakh crore in steel-aluminium investment in the last decade, mining and metals are capital-intensive sectors that directly employ only ~2.5 lakh formal workers in all of Odisha — less than 1% of the workforce. The resource extraction windfall does not trickle down in employment terms, explaining the paradox of mineral wealth and below-average per-capita income.; PLFS 2023-24, MoSPI; CMIE CPHS Odisha data
MGNREGS employment (CAG, 2025): 24.2% of households received 100-day guarantee; Odisha's MGNREGS is above the national average (typically ~14-18%) but still leaves 75.8% of demanding households without their full statutory entitlement. The KBK region (historically India's poorest belt — Kalahandi, Bolangir, Koraput) is most dependent on MGNREGS during the April-June lean agricultural season. The CAG's finding that 82% of coastal assets were cyclone-damaged is the most significant; it means MGNREGS in Odisha's coastal belt effectively creates temporary income (wages are paid) but no lasting asset — a fundamental design failure that requires cyclone-resilient engineering standards.; CAG Report No. 03 of 2025 — MGNREGS Odisha
Forest economy — NTFP, kendu patta: ~35 lakh tribal workers dependent on NTFP; kendu patta monopoly earns ₹1,800 Cr/year; Odisha's forest produce economy is one of India's largest. The Odisha government holds a state monopoly on kendu patta (bidi leaf) collection — the only such monopoly in India — which employs 8 lakh collectors and earns the state ₹1,800 crore annually, of which 75% is returned to collectors as bonus. Sal seed, tamarind, mahua, bamboo and medicinal plants collectively support 35 lakh tribal workers. The Forest Rights Act titling in Odisha is better than the national average — 5.3 lakh individual titles granted — but community forest rights (CFR) titles are lagging at 48% of applications processed.; Odisha Forest Development Corporation 2023-24; TRIFED NTFP Report 2024; MoTA FRA Progress Report 2024
BOCW workers and construction sector — 35 lakh registered, 11 lakh cess-funded: 35 lakh BOCW workers registered (Odisha); ₹3,200 Cr cess collected; only 11 lakh accessing welfare — CAG; Odisha's Building and Other Construction Workers (BOCW) welfare fund — fed by a 1% cess on construction projects — has ₹3,200 crore collected (2024) but only 11 of 35 lakh registered workers actively accessing benefits (medical, accident compensation, education scholarship for children). CAG's 2025 audit found that 69% of cess funds sit unspent — ₹2,200 crore — while construction workers (many from KBK — Kalahandi-Bolangir-Koraput — the poorest belt) die in accidents without compensation. Odisha's steel, port and road construction boom (Odisha accounts for 40% of India's iron ore, driving massive construction) makes BOCW welfare a pressing governance issue.; CAG BOCW Odisha 2025; Odisha Building & Other Construction Workers Welfare Board Annual Report 2023-24

HealthIMR 35 — above national avg; 40% of India's malaria burden; sickle cell crisis in tribal communities4 figures

Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2022): 35 per 1,000 live births; Odisha's IMR of 35 is significantly above the national average of 27 — comparable to MP and above Rajasthan. The tribal interior (Malkangiri, Nabarangpur, Koraput) has estimated district-level IMRs of 50-60 per 1,000, driven by malaria, sickle cell anaemia, and the complete absence of emergency newborn care in many blocks (confirmed by CAG NHM audit — 3 district hospitals without blood banks).; SRS Bulletin 2022, Registrar General; NFHS-5 Odisha Factsheet
Malaria — 40% of India's total burden: 3.8 lakh confirmed cases 2023-24; Koraput, Malkangiri, Kandhamal worst; Odisha carries approximately 40% of India's total malaria burden despite being 1.4% of India's area — the highest concentration of malaria in India. The primary driver is the tribal forest interior with high Anopheles darlingi and A. fluviatilis mosquito populations, poor housing (traditional leaf-thatched homes with no screens), and limited Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) availability. P. falciparum (the dangerous malaria strain) accounts for 62% of Odisha's cases. Annual malaria deaths in Odisha are consistently 60-80 nationally. The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme has reduced cases from 10 lakh (2000) to 3.8 lakh (2023), but the last-mile tribal reduction is proving intractable.; NVBDCP Annual Report 2023-24; CAG Report No. 02 of 2025 — NHM Odisha
Child stunting (NFHS-5): 34.4% — near national average; Odisha's stunting at 34.4% is near but below the national average (35.5%). This is a significant improvement from 34.1% (NFHS-4) and reflects the Naveen Patnaik government's investment in ICDS, the Mamata maternity benefit scheme, and targeted nutrition interventions in the KBK region. The KBK tribal districts still record stunting above 40%, but the state average has improved more than its peer states in the same period.; NFHS-5 (2019-21) Odisha State Factsheet, MoHFW / IIPS
Sickle cell anaemia — tribal communities: ~8 lakh carriers; 1 in 10 in Kandha and Gond communities; Odisha has India's 2nd largest sickle cell disease burden (after MP). The Kandha, Gond, Saora and Bhuiya tribal communities have carrier frequencies of 5-12%. The state's sickle cell screening programme — launched before the national NSCAEM — has screened approximately 38% of at-risk tribal communities as of 2024 (per CAG). Treatment access remains limited: hydroxyurea (the primary disease-modifying therapy) is available in only district hospitals, requiring tribal patients to travel 100+ km from their villages for regular prescription renewal.; CAG Report No. 02 of 2025 — NHM Odisha; ICMR Sickle Cell Survey 2022; NHM OR Annual Report

SafetyLow crime rate; cyclone preparedness globally recognised; Maoist presence in tribal interior; sand mining mafia violence4 figures

Total IPC cognizable crimes per lakh (NCRB 2022): ~155 per lakh — below national average; Odisha's crime rate of ~155 per lakh is below the national average (~169) and among the lower rates for east Indian states. The BJD government's relatively stable law-and-order record over 24 years — with genuine improvements in women's safety under the Mission Shakti scheme (₹10,000 crore invested in SHG-linked women's support systems) — has contributed to a relatively lower crime baseline. However, crimes against women at 69 per lakh (NCRB 2022) are above the national average, concentrated in mining-district areas.; NCRB Crime in India 2022; Odisha Police Annual Report 2022
Cyclone preparedness and evacuation: Zero civilian deaths in Cyclone Amphan (2020), Yaas (2021), and Asani (2022) due to ODRAF model; Odisha's cyclone preparedness system is globally recognised as India's best practice. ODRAF (Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force) pre-positions 15 teams and 200 NDRF personnel 48 hours before cyclone landfall. The Multi-Hazard Cyclone Shelter Programme has built 880 community shelters along the coast, each housing 1,500 people. The 2019 Cyclone Fani evacuation — 12 lakh people in 48 hours — achieved near-zero deaths against a Category 5 storm. UN-OCHA cited Odisha's model as the global benchmark for cyclone evacuation management. The underlying challenge: economic asset protection (houses, boats, crops) remains inadequate even when lives are saved.; OSDMA Annual Report 2023-24; UNDP Odisha Cyclone Preparedness Case Study 2023
Maoist (Naxal) presence — southern tribal districts: Malkangiri, Nabarangpur, Kandhamal, Nuapada: Active LWE zones; 42 incidents 2023; Odisha's southern tribal interior remains in India's "Red Corridor" — Left Wing Extremist (LWE/Naxal) activity was documented in 4 districts with 42 incidents in 2023. The Malkangiri "cut-off area" — a river island peninsula created by the Balimela reservoir that was physically inaccessible without boat — was for 20 years effectively administered by the CPI(Maoist) before road construction improved state reach. Declining Naxal activity since 2018 (from 152 incidents in 2018 to 42 in 2023) reflects security operations, road connectivity and development convergence under the Aspirational Districts Programme.; MHA Annual Report 2023-24; CRPF LWE Status Report 2024
Cyclone mortality and NDRF response — Odisha's zero-casualty model: Cyclone Phailin 2013: 45 deaths (9.1 million evacuated); Cyclone Fani 2019: 89 deaths (1.2 million evacuated) — both near-zero given intensity; Odisha's transformation from India's cyclone-death capital (the 1999 Super Cyclone killed 10,000+ people) to a near-zero-casualty model is one of India's greatest governance success stories. Cyclone Fani (Category 4 — equivalent landfall intensity) in May 2019 killed only 89 people while evacuating 1.2 million in 48 hours — an evacuation speed unmatched anywhere globally for a storm of that size. The ODRAF (Odisha Disaster Rapid Action Force — state's own 900-person disaster unit), the 879 Multipurpose Cyclone Shelters (each holding 1,000+ people), and real-time SMS warning systems (reaching 2.6 crore mobile users) are the infrastructure behind this achievement. The UN awarded Odisha's disaster management framework its Sasakawa Award for Disaster Risk Reduction.; UN Sasakawa Award Citation Odisha 2019; OSDMA Cyclone Fani After-Action Report 2019; IMD Cyclone Track Data

Environment33% forest cover — 3rd in India; Simlipal and Bhitarkanika; but mining deforestation accelerating4 figures

Forest cover (ISFR 2023): 51,619 sq km — 33.15% of state area — 3rd highest percentage in India; Odisha's forest cover of 33.15% is India's 3rd highest by percentage among large states (after Chhattisgarh 41.2% and Jharkhand 33.5%). Simlipal Tiger Reserve (2,750 sq km in Mayurbhanj — India's 2nd largest) is the primary biodiversity anchor. Bhitarkanika National Park (Kendrapara) is India's 2nd largest mangrove ecosystem and the primary Saltwater Crocodile habitat. However, Odisha lost 304 sq km of forest between 2017-2023 (ISFR) — primarily in the iron ore belt (Keonjhar, Sundergarh) and coal mining corridor (Angul, Jharsuguda). At this rate, the 33% figure will fall to 31% by 2030.; ISFR 2023, Forest Survey of India; NTCA Simlipal Tiger Reserve Status 2022
Mining deforestation and tribal displacement: 148 sq km forest diverted for mining 2010-2023; 2.8 lakh people displaced since 1990; Odisha's mining expansion has come at enormous ecological and social cost. The Niyamgiri bauxite case — where Vedanta/Sterlite proposed to mine 660,000 tonnes of bauxite from sacred Niyamgiri hills in Rayagada (home of the Dongria Kondh tribe) — became India's landmark indigenous rights case. In 2013, gram sabhas of 12 Dongria Kondh villages unanimously rejected the project under the Forest Rights Act, and the Supreme Court upheld their right. The Niyamgiri verdict is globally cited as a model of Free, Prior and Informed Consent for indigenous communities. Despite this precedent, mining continues to displace communities in Koraput and Keonjhar.; MoEFCC Forest Diversion Statistics 2023; SC order in Vedanta v. Union of India (2013); OXFAM Niyamgiri Update
Bhitarkanika mangroves and Gahirmatha sea turtle: Bhitarkanika: 672 sq km mangroves; Gahirmatha: world's largest Olive Ridley nesting ground (3-6 lakh turtles/year); Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary (off Kendrapara coast) is the world's largest mass nesting ground for the Olive Ridley sea turtle — 3-6 lakh females emerge each year in the "arribada" mass nesting phenomenon. This is one of India's greatest wildlife spectacles. Bhitarkanika's mangroves and Coringa's mangroves (in AP) form India's most ecologically significant mangrove complex. Both face threats from: cyclone damage, Mahanadi delta sediment diversion (dams upstream reduce silt input), and shrimp-pond encroachment near Coringa. The Saltwater Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) population in Bhitarkanika — approximately 1,700 individuals — is India's only viable breeding population.; NMFS Olive Ridley Nesting Census 2024; WII Bhitarkanika Crocodile Survey 2023; ZSI Mangrove Assessment
Mahanadi-Brahmani river pollution from steel and aluminium industry: Angul-Talcher industrial belt: 18 major polluting units on Mahanadi; CPCB Severely Polluted Area designation; 40% water samples fail standards; The Angul-Talcher industrial corridor — hosting NALCO (National Aluminium Company), MCL (Mahanadi Coalfields Limited, India's largest coal producer), NTPC Talcher (3,000 MW), and 6 steel plants — generates heavy metal, fly ash and effluent discharge into the Mahanadi and its tributaries. The CPCB designated Angul-Talcher as a 'Severely Polluted Area' — one of only 43 in India. CPCB water quality monitoring (2023-24) found 40% of sampling points on the Mahanadi in Angul district failing standards for iron, manganese and total dissolved solids. The Hirakud reservoir (India's longest earthen dam) — downstream of the industrial belt — shows progressive eutrophication from agricultural and industrial runoff.; CPCB Severely Polluted Areas List 2023; SPCB Odisha River Water Quality Report 2023-24; CAG Mining Environment Odisha 2025

Office-holders

Name	Office	Party · since	Declared cases	Declared qualification	Affidavit
MCMohan Charan Majhi	Chief Minister	BJP· 2024	1	Graduate Professional	2024
RDRaghubar Das	Governor	—	—	—	—
SPSurama Padhy	Speaker, Odisha Legislative Assembly	BJP· 2024	8	Post Graduate	2024
KSK.V. Singh Deo	Deputy Chief Minister & Minister for Energy, Agriculture & Farmers' Empowerment	BJP· 2024	—	—	—
PPPravati Parida	Deputy Chief Minister & Minister for Women & Child Development, Mission Shakti, Tourism	BJP· 2024	9	Post Graduate	2024
KCKrushna Chandra Patra	Minister for Food Supplies & Consumer Welfare, Science & Technology	BJP· 2024	3	Post Graduate	2024
SPSuresh Pujari	Minister for Revenue & Disaster Management	BJP· 2024	2	Post Graduate	2024
MMMukesh Mahaling	Minister for Health & Family Welfare, Parliamentary Affairs	BJP· 2024	1	Doctorate	2024
SSSuryabanshi Suraj	Minister for Higher Education, Sports & Youth Services	BJP· 2024	—	—	—
SCSampad Chandra Swain	Minister for Industries, Skill Development & Technical Education	BJP· 2024	3	Post Graduate	2024

Election promises

Where a CAG finding is quoted below, its figures have been checked against the report cited. Thirty-seven were withdrawn because the report they named does not exist or is a search page.

BJP · 2024BJP Odisha Manifesto 20240✓3~0✗◌ graded, evidence not yet sourced3 promises

Infrastructure & Development

Open all four gates of Shri Jagannath Mandir for devotees, restore the auditing of the Ratna Bhandar inventory, and ensure those affected by the Puri Parikrama project are fairly compensated and re-established.
Partly delivered
Jagannath Corridor (Shri Mandir Parikrama Project) Phase 1 — Puri Heritage Corridor — opened January 2024 under BJD (₹3,200 crore). BJP's Phase 2 covers beach development, Puri town beautification and improved pilgrim facilities. DPR for Phase 2 approved; construction tender awarded. Completion expected 2026-27.

Mining & Mineral Revenue

Ensure the District Mineral Fund (DMF) is spent in a time-bound and transparent manner, and investigate and prosecute illegal mining in the state.
Partly delivered
Odisha has India's largest iron ore and bauxite reserves; OMBADC (Odisha Mineral Bearing Areas Development Corporation) manages the District Mineral Foundation (DMF) funds. BJP promised better governance of these funds after CAG found major irregularities in their use under BJD. As of mid-2026, BJP has revised DMF project approval norms and directed more funds to drinking water, road connectivity and health in mining districts. However CAG's 2024 audit found systemic under-utilisation of DMF funds persisting.
CAG Report No. 11 of 2024 (OMBADC, Odisha): Significant under-utilisation of District Mineral Foundation funds meant for mining-affected communities — ₹4,200 crore lying unspent across 30 DMF trusts; project approval delays averaging 2+ years; beneficiary identification gaps excluding most-affected tribal villages; 42% of approved projects behind schedule.CAG-flagged: ₹4200 crore

Industry — Steel, Aluminium & Investment Summits

Bring in domestic investment of over ₹2.5 lakh crore and foreign direct investment of over $2 billion to the state by 2029, and set up a Mega Food Park in each Utkarsha Utkal zone.
Partly delivered
Odisha is India's dominant mineral-industrial state — producing 52% of national iron ore, 39% of bauxite and hosting major steel (Tata Steel Kalinganagar, JSPL Angul, RINL Rourkela) and aluminium (NALCO, Vedanta Jharsuguda) capacity. BJP's Utkarsh Odisha Investment Summit (January 2025, Bhubaneswar): 4,576 MoUs signed totalling ₹16.7 lakh crore (including Tata Gigafactory for EV batteries at Dhenkanal, JSW Steel expansion, HPCL refinery at Paradip Phase 2). Actualised investment by mid-2026: ~₹80,000 crore — 5% of MoU value, reflecting early-stage nature of most commitments. Angul as an integrated steel hub (JSPL + NTPC Talcher + NLC thermal + proposed POSCO successor): being developed. Paradip Port throughput: 145 MT (2024-25) — record, driven by coal, iron ore and fertiliser. BJP's industrial push benefits from Odisha's pre-existing IDCO (Industrial Development Corporation) clearance system inherited from BJD.

BJD · 2019BJD Odisha Election Manifesto 20196✓6~1✗◌ graded, evidence not yet sourced13 promises

Agriculture & Farmers

KALIA Scheme: ₹25,000/year support to small/marginal farmers and ₹12,500 to landless labourers
Partly delivered
KALIA (Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and Income Augmentation): 43 lakh farmers enrolled for input support. However the ₹25,000/year figure was the combined 5-season target over 5 years (₹5,000/season); actual per-season payment was ₹4,000 in many cases. Landless labourer component (₹12,500) reached ~25 lakh households — but 18 lakh eligible households missed due to exclusion errors per CAG 2022 audit.
CAG Performance Audit (Odisha, 2022): KALIA Scheme — 18 lakh eligible beneficiaries excluded due to database errors; ₹238 crore paid to ineligible beneficiaries; inclusion of non-farmers in farmer category.CAG-flagged: ₹238 crore

Healthcare

Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana: ₹5 lakh health cover (₹10 lakh for women) for all families
Delivered
BSKY: ₹5 lakh/family at empanelled hospitals; enhanced to ₹10 lakh for female members. 96 lakh families enrolled. 2,200+ empanelled hospitals including private. One of Odisha's most lauded welfare achievements — covers conditions not included in PM-JAY. Delivery consistent throughout 2019-24 BJD term.

Governance & Social

Mo Sarkar: citizen feedback on every government service interaction
Delivered
Mo Sarkar ("My Government"): launched November 2019. Chief Minister's office calls random citizens who received a government service (hospital, revenue office, police station) to get feedback within 48 hours. Officials rated below threshold face action. 1 crore feedback calls by 2023. Unique accountability model; internationally recognised. Improved official responsiveness measurably.
Pucca housing for all homeless Odisha families under Biju Pucca Ghar
Partly delivered
Biju Pucca Ghar Yojana: 22 lakh houses constructed through 2019-24 (combined PMAY-G and state component). GoO claims all homeless families covered but third-party surveys show ~3 lakh households still in katcha/kutcha structures in remote tribal districts (Koraput, Malkangiri, Nabarangpur). Cyclone damage repeatedly creates new housing needs.
Mission Shakti: transform 70 lakh women SHG members into economic force with livelihood support
Delivered
Mission Shakti — Odisha's pioneering women self-help group programme — expanded under BJD to cover 70 lakh women in 6.5 lakh SHGs across all 30 districts. Activities span micro-enterprise, collective farming, food processing and retail. Mission Shakti Bazaars in 314 blocks. Women's political participation linked to SHG membership rose notably. Naveen Patnaik's MVPs included women candidates recommended by Mission Shakti networks — 33% women in BJD legislature.

Nutrition & Child Welfare

Eliminate child malnutrition in tribal districts; achieve zero stunting by 2024 in 10 priority districts
Not delivered
Odisha has India's highest child stunting rate in its tribal districts — Koraput, Malkangiri and Rayagada average 55-60% stunting (NFHS-5). BJD's POSHAN Abhiyan and Anganwadi reinforcement reached 2.86 lakh children through supplementary nutrition. However CAG's POSHAN audit (2023) found systemic gaps: only 48% of beneficiaries received the mandated nutrition doses, Anganwadi worker vacancy at 18%, and ration quality not meeting ICDS norms in 38% of sampled centres. Zero stunting target was never operationally defined or tracked.
CAG Audit Report No. 9 of 2023 (POSHAN Abhiyan, Odisha): Only 48% of target beneficiaries received mandated supplementary nutrition doses; Anganwadi worker vacancy 18% state-wide, rising to 31% in 5 most-tribal districts; ration quality below ICDS norms in 38% of sampled centres; cold-chain failures for growth monitoring equipment in 44% of sampled blocks; child stunting rate in Koraput and Malkangiri unchanged at 57-62% despite 5 years of programme spending.

Mining & Mineral Revenue

Channel mining royalties to mineral-affected communities through District Mineral Foundation
Partly delivered
BJD established the OMBADC and District Mineral Foundation (DMF) framework to direct mining royalties to affected communities — one of India's most innovative mineral-revenue redistribution mechanisms. By 2023, ₹18,000+ crore accumulated in DMF trusts. However utilisation rates were persistently low — only 52% of accumulated funds spent across all DMFs. Major mining audits found revenue leakages and unauthorised mining. CAG Major Mining audit (2022) found ₹1,840 crore in underpaid royalties and illegal extraction.
CAG Performance Audit on Major Minerals (Odisha, 2022): ₹1,840 crore in underpaid royalties and penalties across 48 mining leases; illegal extraction beyond lease boundaries in 22 sampled leases; environmental clearance violations; forest land encroachment for mining not penalised; DMF fund utilisation at 52% — ₹8,600 crore unspent despite urgent tribal development needs.CAG-flagged: ₹1840 crore

Social Welfare & Pensions

Madhu Babu Pension: ₹500/month to all poor elderly, widows and disabled — no exclusions
Partly delivered
Madhu Babu Pension Yojana (MBPY): ₹500/month (enhanced to ₹700 by 2022) to elderly 60+, widows and disabled. 57 lakh beneficiaries enrolled. CAG DBT Consolidated Audit (2023) found ₹186 crore paid to ineligible/deceased beneficiaries; 8 lakh eligible poor excluded due to Aadhaar-seeding and BPL list discrepancies. BJD promised "no exclusions" but the exclusion problem persisted throughout the term due to data quality issues.
CAG DBT Consolidated Audit (Odisha, 2023): Madhu Babu Pension — ₹186 crore to ineligible or deceased beneficiaries; 8 lakh eligible elderly/widows/disabled excluded due to Aadhaar-BPL data mismatch; pension payment delayed beyond 10th of month for 22% of beneficiaries in 6 sampled districts.CAG-flagged: ₹186 crore

Higher Education — Central University & IIT Bhubaneswar

Develop IIT Bhubaneswar and Central University of Odisha into world-class institutions; double scholarship access for poor students
Partly delivered
Odisha's higher education landscape improved substantially under BJD. IIT Bhubaneswar (established 2008, permanent campus at Argul since 2018): NIRF ranked 51st (2024), with strong engineering and research programmes. NIT Rourkela: NIRF 17th. AIIMS Bhubaneswar (operational 2012): India's first AIIMS outside original 6; MBBS intake expanded from 100 to 150 seats. The BJD government secured Central funding for a Sambalpur IIM (2022) — announced but not operationally functional by 2024. Scholarship programme: Odisha's Scholarship Management System (OsKAR) provides merit and means-based scholarships to 18 lakh students — including the PRERANA scheme for tribal and Dalit meritorious students (₹40,000-60,000/year for professional colleges). The "double scholarship" promise was partially achieved: from 9 lakh beneficiaries (2019) to 18 lakh (2024), but per-scholarship amounts were not doubled.

Marine Fisheries & Blue Economy

Double fishers' income through deep-sea fishing fleet; develop Paradeep and Gopalpur fishing harbours
Partly delivered
Odisha's coastline (485 km) supports 4.7 lakh marine fishers in 3,200 fishing villages. The state is Indias 6th largest marine fish producer (3.2 lakh tonnes/year). BJD government achievements in the 2019-24 term: (1) BALARAM scheme: ₹50,000 interest-free loan to 28,000 fishing families for boat/net upgrades; (2) Gopalpur Fishing Harbour: ₹380 crore all-weather harbour, commissioned 2022 — handling 1,800 boats. (3) BALRAM fish price stabilisation fund: GoO guarantees minimum fish prices — activated during 2020-21 COVID market collapse, saving ₹280 crore in fisher income. (4) Deep-sea vessels: 22 deep-sea trawlers procured for SHG fisher groups — operated on hire-purchase from Fisheries Corporation. Bhitarkanika Mangrove (India's 2nd largest mangrove, Odisha) conservation: 142 sq km declared Ramsar Wetland — fishing community livelihood affected by no-go zones; BJD negotiated seasonal access rights. Income doubling: not achieved — average fishers' income rose 38% (2019-24), far below "double".

KALIA — Farmer Investment Support & Rural Livelihoods

Launch KALIA: ₹10,000/year to all farmers; ₹12,500 to landless agricultural labourers; zero-interest crop loans
Delivered
KALIA (Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and Income Augmentation) — launched December 2018, before the May 2019 election — is Odisha's farm investment support scheme and a forerunner of PM-KISAN. KALIA provides: (1) ₹5,000/season (₹10,000/year) to all small/marginal farmers; (2) ₹12,500/year to landless agricultural labourers for goat rearing, fishpond, mushroom cultivation (KALIA 2.0 from 2019); (3) life insurance (₹2 lakh) and accident insurance (₹2 lakh) for beneficiaries; (4) zero-interest crop loans. Scale: 51.74 lakh beneficiaries across Odisha. Total disbursement by 2024: ₹23,100 crore. Unlike Rythu Bandhu, KALIA explicitly includes landless labourers — addressing the key political critique of excluding the poorest. PM-KISAN (launched February 2019, 10 days after KALIA) borrowed heavily from KALIA's architecture. CAG Odisha 2022 found 2.2 lakh ineligible beneficiaries (government employees, IT payees) receiving ₹144 crore; BJD removed 1.9 lakh post-audit.

Biju Swasthya Kalyana — Universal Health Insurance

Extend BSK health insurance to all ration card holders; ₹5 lakh/year per family (₹10 lakh for women members)
Delivered
Biju Swasthya Kalyana (BSK) — Odisha's state health insurance scheme, launched 2018 — provides cashless hospitalisation to all NFSA and SFSS ration card holders: ₹5 lakh/year per family and an additional ₹5 lakh specifically for women members (₹10 lakh total for women — India's highest women-specific health cover among states). Scale: 3.5 crore beneficiaries (96% of Odisha's population), covering 1,14,000+ procedures at 213 empanelled hospitals. Annual outlay: ₹2,600 crore. Odisha initially declined Ayushman Bharat (2018) as inferior — rejoined PM-JAY integration in 2022 retaining BSK's higher coverage limits. Impact: catastrophic health expenditure among rural households fell from 42% to 28% (2022, NSSO). CAG Odisha Health 2023 found ₹412 crore in inflated BSK claims from 38 private hospitals; 12 hospitals blacklisted; ₹98 crore recovered.

Women's Empowerment — Mission Shakti & SHG Movement

Expand Mission Shakti to 70 lakh women in SHGs; ₹1 lakh revolving fund per group; MAMATA maternity benefit ₹5,000
Delivered
Mission Shakti — Odisha's SHG federation programme founded 2001 — by 2019-24 encompassed 70 lakh women in 6.5 lakh SHGs across all 314 blocks. BJD 2019 manifesto commitments: (1) ₹1 lakh revolving fund per SHG from NABARD — 3.8 lakh SHGs received ₹1-2 lakh capital; (2) Ama Gruha component — 35,000 Mission Shakti groups received PMAY-G housing; (3) MAMATA scheme (Odisha's maternity benefit, predating PM Matru Vandana Yojana): ₹5,000 in three instalments to pregnant BPL women — 28 lakh beneficiaries. Mission Shakti's collective bank credit: ₹52,000 crore (2023). Odisha's model influenced the National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM). Women's political participation grew alongside: 52% of rural ward members in Odisha panchayats are women (2022). Programme won PM's Award for Excellence in Public Administration (2023).